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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In the hydrogenotrophic methanogenic pathway, formylmethanofuran dehydrogenase (Fmd) reduces and fixes CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , driven by low-potential electrons provided by electron-bifurcating heterodisulfide reductase (Hdr) complexed with electron-donating proteins such as Mvh hydrogenase. Here, we report the structure of a C2-symmetric (Mvh-Hdr)\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -Fmd\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    supercomplex from a Class I methanogen,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methanothermobacter marburgensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which is architecturally different from the previously reported ring-shaped D3-symmetric supercomplex of a methanogen belonging to phylogenetically distinct Class II methanogens. In this C2-symmetric form, the redox active sites of Hdr and Fmd are connected by two MvhB polyferredoxins, whose branching electron paths appear to be available for electron transfer to\/from other partners. The ancestral form was likely C2 symmetric, whereas D3-symmetric supercomplexes were acquired by horizontal gene transfer, a transition probably helpful for growth in substrate-poor environments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aed3711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:02:56Z","timestamp":1789581776000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diversity of electron-bifurcating CO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    -fixing supercomplexes in methanogens"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1951-1423","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pablo San","family":"Segundo-Acosta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Redox and Metalloprotein Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1762-6475","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joao Pedro","family":"Fernandes-Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1402-0224","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Evgenii","family":"Protasov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5183-7009","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Kahnt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0787-4731","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Masanori","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."},{"name":"Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7155-0451","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georg","family":"Hochberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Biochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1872-8705","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seigo","family":"Shima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evolutionary Biochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6341-9368","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bonnie J.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Redox and Metalloprotein Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, 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