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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Translational control is essential for male germ cell development, yet how post-transcriptional regulation is coupled to chromatin remodeling during spermatogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the RNA-binding proteins PUMILIO1 (PUM1) and PUMILIO2 (PUM2) promote translation of mRNAs encoding chromatin regulators in the mouse testis. Conditional deletion of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pum1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pum2<\/jats:italic>\n                    in germ cells at multiple developmental stages results in spermatogenic failure, defective nuclear shaping, impaired histone-to-protamine exchange, and complete male sterility. Polysome profiling and ribosome sequencing reveal selective reductions in translation efficiency of chromatin regulators, including histone modifiers and nucleosome remodelers, in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pum1\/2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -deficient testes. Mechanistically, PUM1\/2 associate with DAZL and PABPC1 to form a germ cell\u2013specific translational activation complex that enhances protein output with little impact on mRNA stability. Together, these findings redefine mammalian PUM proteins as context-dependent translational activators in the germline and uncover a post-transcriptional mechanism that links RNA regulation to chromatin dynamics during spermatogenesis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aed5708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T17:58:48Z","timestamp":1784311128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PUM1 and PUM2 promote translation of chromatin regulators to ensure mammalian spermatogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6608-5438","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Min","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 211166."},{"name":"Department of Reproductive 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