{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:06:23Z","timestamp":1789052783201,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"13","funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Research and Development Joint Foundation of Henan Province under Project","award":["242301420003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242301420003"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in Northwestern Polytechnical University under Project","award":["SKLSP202312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLSP202312"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Charge carrier recombination represents a fundamental constraint in semiconductor photocatalysis. Combining heterostructure design with deliberate defect engineering to facilitate hydrogen intermediate (*H) adsorption is a viable strategy for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we design defective MBene via controlled etching and perform in situ hydrothermal assembly to develop a tailored MoBT\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CdS heterostructure. Incorporating a mere 0.5\u00a0wt % two-dimensional MoBT\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    MBene leads to a fourfold enhancement in HER activity over bare CdS. The established MoBT\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CdS catalyst achieves a remarkable HER of 10.2\u00a0millimoles per gram per hour under ambient conditions with 23.2% apparent quantum yield and sustains 90.2% activity after 24\u00a0hours of continued operation. Outstanding environmental adaptability is demonstrated through a consistent HER value of 7.1\u00a0millimoles per gram per hour in tap water and 5.7\u00a0millimoles per gram per hour in seawater. The temperature-dependent performance demonstrates notable robustness, reaching 11.1\u00a0millimoles per gram per hour at 35\u00b0C while preserving 40% functionality at harsh 5\u00b0C. Integrated photoelectrochemical and computational analyses elucidate that Mo vacancies create band alignment\u2013optimizing electron traps and reduced *H adsorption barriers, enhancing fast carrier separation. Concurrently, interfacial covalent Mo\u2500S bonds establish atomic-level charge-transfer pathways and enable rapid electron migration. This work establishes a previously unidentified paradigm for advanced photocatalyst design through concerted defect-interface modulation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aed6189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T18:00:37Z","timestamp":1774634437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production in complex environments by confining trace MoBT\n                    <sub>x<\/sub>\n                    MBene"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8338-2701","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Binfen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7948-1379","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenyu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zelin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan Light, Zhengzhou 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