{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T18:14:23Z","timestamp":1779300863076,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"21","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32170282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCB-2040582"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCB-2040582"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23ZR1427700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23ZR1427700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003399","name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25ZR1402265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25ZR1402265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential for cellular homeostasis, yet plant-specific mechanisms regulating its structure remain poorly understood. Here, we uncover a functional partnership between the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>\n                    dynamin-like GTPase RHD3 and the plant-specific DUF641 protein COST1 in maintaining ER morphology and plant growth. COST1 was previously isolated as a negative regulator of autophagy in the drought response. In this study, by using IP-MS, we identified COST1 as an ER-associated protein that interacts directly with RHD3, a key regulator of ER membrane fusion. COST1, despite lacking transmembrane domains, tightly associates with the ER membrane via RHD3, which recruits COST1 to ER three-way junctions. In addition, recruiting of COST1 to the ER can improve the dimerization of RHD3 and its protein stability. Biochemical assays revealed that COST1 promotes the GTP hydrolysis activity of RHD3 by ~20% and significantly stimulates its membrane fusion capacity. Structural modeling predicts a heterotetrameric complex entangled with each protein\u2019s multiple helix bundles, where COST1\u2019s carboxyl-terminal domain aligns with RHD3\u2019s GTPase region, suggesting a mechanism for GTP hydrolysis regulation. Genetic analyses demonstrated that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cost1 rhd3<\/jats:italic>\n                    double mutants exhibit exacerbated ER fragmentation and stunted growth compared with single mutants, underscoring their synergistic roles. Transcriptomic profiling linked these phenotypes to disordered stress responding and growth pathways. Our findings reveal a plant-specific regulatory module in which COST1 partners with RHD3 to govern ER architecture, bridging membrane dynamics with growth and stress adaptation, providing insights into ER maintenance mechanisms with plant innovations and the potential applications in improving crop resilience.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aee4450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T18:00:40Z","timestamp":1779300040000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["COST1 stimulates RHD3 GTPase activity to maintain ER morphology and plant growth in\n                    <i>Arabidopsis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1355-135X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiaojiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6638-6071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9088-2435","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jie","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 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China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8191-3142","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6875-8027","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4359-9896","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2986-725X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huanquan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3B 1A1, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7411-9360","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diane C.","family":"Bassham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 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