{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:59:41Z","timestamp":1790189981770,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"39","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/page\/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006206","name":"Biological and Environmental Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC0018409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0018409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006206","name":"Biological and Environmental Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC0018409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0018409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006206","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32471807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32471807"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-based Materials","award":["2024ZD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZD05"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-based Materials","award":["2026TS30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026TS30"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Developing formaldehyde-free and high-performance wood adhesives is imperative for sustainable wood utilization. To overcome performance trade-offs in lignin adhesives, we developed a formaldehyde-free aqueous adhesive formulation via reactive cysteine-functionalized lignin, achieving high performance with an unprecedentedly low lignin loading (20\u00a0wt %), which is sprayable and injectable and exhibits excellent fluidity (1.96 mPa\u00b7s, 10\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    s\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). It undergoes self-curing via forming amide bond, achieving robust bonding performance under simple hot-pressing conditions. The solvent-free lignin adhesive for plywood outperforms commercial resins, demonstrating exceptional dry strength (4.0 MPa), high wet-strength retention (83.7%), and superior durability against extreme temperatures (\u2212196\u00b0 to 190\u00b0C), humid heat aging, and solvents. Cysteine substitution enhances fracture toughness eightfold (reaching 11.06 kJ\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) by forming dual covalent\/noncovalent networks that facilitate the polarity-enabled adhesion and crosslinking-induced toughening. This work establishes an environmentally friendly and scalable strategy for constructing full bio-based adhesives with exceptional processability and durability, providing a paradigm for lignin valorization within lignin-first biorefinery frameworks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:59:49Z","timestamp":1790186389000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aqueous lignin adhesive for high-performance wood bonding"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7742-1651","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-Based Material, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2746-8152","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-Based Material, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songnan","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-Based Material, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongxian","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Future Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7493-3573","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haisong","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-Based Material, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8230-9129","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fachuang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, The Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6093-4521","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John","family":"Ralph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, The Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53726, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA."},{"name":"New Zealand Institute for Bioeconomy Science (BSI), BSI Scion, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5203-2421","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fengxia","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Papermaking and Paper-Based Material, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susmat.2024.e00983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2023.101143"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2008.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3GC03441K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym14091768"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2GC04319J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2GC01637K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3GC03935H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2019.102408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c09500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.0c05408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"H. Nimz Wood adhesives chemistry and technology (Marcel Dekker New York 1983)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c06843"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.130020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3GC03542E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abb7620"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29427-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1710-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchem.2774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202407129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.148828"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.152914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202102983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14081924"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06507-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.155980"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jctb.2742"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.154340"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202406557"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c01165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.143490"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.135472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.141774"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2023.157533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2021.130852"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenrg.2021.756285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/agt2.70223"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1GC01507A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2022.127005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.4c02695"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.147299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE02870C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2013.1089"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS00764B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09506608.2021.1995112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.2c02372"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202511884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202422605"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201801063"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2020.125901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40544-020-0482-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm402180t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201510351"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c05448"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2026.124997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.6b00726"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02773819408003108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass","volume":"1617","author":"Sluiter A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"A. Sluiter, B. Hames, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, D. Templeton, D. Crocker, Determination of structural carbohydrates and lignin in biomass. Lab. Anal. Proced 1617, 1\u201316 (2008).","journal-title":"Lab. Anal. Proced"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf204481x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ct700301q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.470117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-987X(199709)18:12<1463::AID-JCC4>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9712359"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wcms.30"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21759"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00214-010-0846-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0216272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.26812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2023.103567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4149592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00226-007-0165-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15376\/biores.9.4.5858-5870"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:03:40Z","timestamp":1790186620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"39","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee5160","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaee5160"}}