{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:21:31Z","timestamp":1787768491148,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":138,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"35","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1C1C1012014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1C1C1012014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korea Planning & Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology","award":["RS-2024-00432831"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00432831"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes represent a high-performance alternative to polymers, surpassing the trade-off limits between permeability and selectivity typically seen in conventional polymeric membranes. Their efficacy stems from a precise molecular sieving mechanism, enabling exceptional gas separation performance. However, a challenge persists in fine-tuning their microporous structure to achieve effective kinetic separation of gas molecule pairs with small differences in kinetic diameter. We demonstrate that simple plasma treatment can fundamentally alter the CMS structures, drive ultraselective molecular hydrogen (H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) separation over carbon dioxide (CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and methane (CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and stabilize the structures over a year of physical aging. Two types of plasma, nitrogen- and argon-derived, were used, both of which induced surface oxidation by creating defects or incorporating nitrogen atoms into the carbon layer and strands, leading to distinct development of ultramicroporosity compared to pristine CMS structures. These structural modifications resulted in marked improvements in separation performance. The plasma-treated membranes achieved over 40-fold increases in H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    selectivity and over 137-fold increases in H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    selectivity compared to the pristine membrane, while maintaining high H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    permeabilities of over 1000 Barrers, surpassing the current upper bound set by CMS membranes. When combined with high-temperature pyrolysis, the plasma-treated membrane exhibited a record-high combination of H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    permeability (exceeding 100 Barrers) and H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    selectivity (exceeding 260). Plasma-treated CMS membranes demonstrated exceptional stability over 14 months of aging, with less than 10% variation in observed performance. This study establishes plasma treatment as a powerful strategy, delivering CMS membranes with both enhanced separation performance and remarkable long-term stability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aee7783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:59:39Z","timestamp":1787767179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Plasma engineered carbon molecular sieve membranes for precise and stable hydrogen permeation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7061-6699","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Banseok","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK four), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6271-3530","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hyeokjun","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Process Solution Research Center, Chemical Process Research Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9860-4031","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeongsu","family":"Wi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK four), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6049-9371","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dong-Yeun","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK four), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Saudi Aramco-KAIST CO2 Management Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Department of AX, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2006.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46964-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690350109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07937-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2014.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.1c01679"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202201720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2016.04.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2008.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103197"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/catal11030393"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.127299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2022.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2019.06.162"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29194676"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab0530"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33654-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr0501792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2011.03.057"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2021.07.182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.0c04352"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgsce.2023.205167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1118079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1557\/mrs2006.187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pol.20200220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7EE02865B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ceat.201500495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS00235G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701631"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2024.122533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202210831"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2018.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20628-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcou.2022.102378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TA09504C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202412158"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl8160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49961-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesa.2024.108087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202006287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2020.06.085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vacuum.2008.04.060"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2021.150362"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adv.21480"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2024.103203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2009.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201601509"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202001239"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2015.09.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42823-023-00524-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2020.148876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4947188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119265"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2004.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.202001456"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-3057(99)00240-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2017.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2020.118377"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119541"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202001572"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202001567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn301093h"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0963-0252\/1\/2\/006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201904913"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Yoshida Y. Hamada T. Tsutsumi T. Kitano N. Okabe H. Fujii Y. Saito H. Tariki K. Yazaki A. Dauendorffer \u201cNovel post treatment process to enhance spin-on carbon film properties \u201d in Advances in Patterning Materials and Processes XLII R. Callahan A. De Silva Eds. (SPIE 2025) p. 38.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.3050651"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202006521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-022-01426-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-024-01556-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202400688"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.201500755"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2004.1436"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202004999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201903105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2022.12.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-013-1811-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2023.121674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.75.115418"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2013.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2018.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-8947(03)00149-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes9010010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00629"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma401498m"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2006.02.083"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2014.08.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.4c01712"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ces.2025.121861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2016.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2010.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Rungta \u201cCarbon molecular sieve dense film membranes for ethylene\/ethane separations \u201d thesis Georgia Institute of Technology (2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2011.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32703-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.117703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2015.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2009.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2003.12.051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b16966"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.2005.958"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2023.118598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.120548"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt7512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie504096j"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie400149e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1TA10968E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aau1698"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201904357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201701567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1ee01324f"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201200200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2014.08.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1236686"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja5083602"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.9b13825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201801511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_122_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.1c00512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201702243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2016.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.02.070"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2019.04.065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202012441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.1c02784"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abl7163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b02301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b01054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.9b04994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202000021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_134_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2019.117775"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_135_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2016.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_136_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.201150"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_137_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2021.119546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_138_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2014.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_139_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2020.119040"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee7783","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:59:51Z","timestamp":1787767191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee7783"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":138,"journal-issue":{"issue":"35","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aee7783"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aee7783","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaee7783"}}