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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The microbiota is being increasingly recognized for its ability to regulate host physiology through the production of small bioactive molecules. However, how host-derived nutrients are metabolically transformed by root-associated microbes to influence plant immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we show that vitamin B\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    (VB\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ; niacin) secreted by plant roots shapes the assembly of a functionally specialized root microbiota, which, in turn, metabolizes VB\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    into an immune-active signal that enhances plant disease resistance. VB\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    secretion selectively increases the abundance of root-associated bacteria harboring a conserved\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">nic<\/jats:italic>\n                    biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC), which enables the conversion of VB\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    into 6-hydroxynicotinate (6-OHNA), a previously uncharacterized microbial metabolite involved in plant-microbe interactions. Microbially produced 6-OHNA is transported from roots to shoots, where it primes systemic immune responses in a salicylic acid\u2013dependent manner. Disruption of the microbial\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">nic<\/jats:italic>\n                    BGC abolishes immune priming, whereas increased VB\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    exudation from plant roots enhances disease resistance. Together, these findings reveal a metabolically mediated dialog between plant hosts and their microbiota that links host nutrient secretion to microbial functional specialization and the activation of systemic plant immunity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aef8959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:59:39Z","timestamp":1787767179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A vitamin B\n                    <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    \u2013driven root bacterial metabolite primes systemic immunity in\n                    <i>Arabidopsis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4201-1472","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuemei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, 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