{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:04:24Z","timestamp":1780513464816,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"23","funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2024YFB3813800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFB3813800"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52502320"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52502320"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A2079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A2079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research","award":["YSBR-109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YSBR-109"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024M753342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024M753342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF","award":["GZB20230786"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GZB20230786"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LQN25E020012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LQN25E020012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ningbo Major Research and Development Plan Project","award":["2025Z024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025Z024"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Science and Technology Project","award":["2023A-160-B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A-160-B"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52272254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52272254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ningbo International Cooperation Project","award":["2023H002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023H002"]}]},{"name":"Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Major Project","award":["2022Z187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022Z187"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Layered thermoelectric materials face intrinsic challenges in disentangling phonon and electron transport due to their anisotropic bonding networks. Here, we introduce a van der Waals gap engineering strategy that deliberately imposes out-of-plane stress on n-type bismuth telluride (Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Te\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Selective interlayer doping creates local charge imbalance, which in turn drives ripple-like lattice corrugations. These structural undulations mimic substrate-induced strain fields, renormalize phonon dispersion, and substantially reduce phonon velocity, thereby suppressing lattice thermal conductivity. The corrugation amplitude is far smaller than the electronic mean free path, ensuring negligible additional electron scattering. As a result, the material reaches a peak\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">zT<\/jats:italic>\n                    of 1.43 at 350\u00a0kelvin, while the fabricated module delivers a conversion efficiency of 7.5% under a 250-kelvin temperature gradient\u2014both representing state-of-the-art performances for n-type Bi\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Te\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    systems. More broadly, this work establishes interlayer stress as a general strategy to manipulate phonons in van der Waals solids, providing previously unidentified design principles for high-efficiency thermoelectrics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aef9733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T17:59:03Z","timestamp":1780509543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Corrugating van der Waals gaps for decoupling heat and charge transport in layered thermoelectrics"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3615-6448","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chuan-Dong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4838-0175","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-4818","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Minhui","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2095-3883","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Materials and Energy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3129-4799","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongxiang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 18th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Tianjin 300392, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9657-7905","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yue","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"No. 18th Research Institute, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, Tianjin 300392, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6249-6491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rui-Jie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1461-2742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zongwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6949-9255","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2750-202X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guo-Qiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4036-9702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-2875","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bo","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8365-0812","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China."},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2090"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aak9997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adem.201500333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-00918-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EE03802H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C4EE03157A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adk9589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2021.100519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3MH01930F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01109-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2022\/9786705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwy097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1jm11754h"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.120.187003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27007-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-00852-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0508-3443\/5\/11\/303"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6EE02017H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201600498"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1173034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.1c02777"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/4361703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202400285"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2023.101022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1156446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.59717\/j.xinn-mater.2023.100004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201900677"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201901702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2017.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.201500411"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201803617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-019-0361-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.99.054105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b10685"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41570-024-00605-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s44160-022-00232-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00777-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2024.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE02008A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2024.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202201353"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202405182"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2021.100347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2019.07.261"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c19668"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c19668"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2017.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202104067"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EE01349H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202201352"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202404653"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202101328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pssb.2220840226"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201605884"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.134.086401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevApplied.3.064003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2021.117230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EE00290H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202300338"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.54.11169"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.77.3865"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MA00780G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202306701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1902(60)80092-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.113.1046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.357750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2023.232661"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1735380"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11664-015-3898-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5EE02979A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtphys.2024.101451"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202302818"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109845"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202401240"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202406179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EE03720G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.154624"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51120-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202315591"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg7196"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aef9733","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T18:01:21Z","timestamp":1780509681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aef9733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aef9733"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aef9733","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaef9733"}}