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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Positive-sense RNA viruses using subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) cause severe crop losses, yet this conserved feature has rarely been exploited for antiviral engineering. Here, we constructed a virus-activated synthetic immune circuit, wherein viral sgRNA production drives host defense responses via a translation inhibition\u2013transcription activation (TI-TA) module. An optimized translational repression element (dsBC) minimized basal expression while enabling virus-specific activation of resistance-inducing proteins (RIPs) by cognate viral sgRNA promoters. This circuit functioned against three major sgRNA-producing viruses\u2014pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)\u2014in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , tomato, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic>\n                    , with cross-resistance to related viruses. RIP expression was strictly triggered by viral infection, conferring robust resistance without detectable growth penalties. This programmable strategy provides a versatile platform for engineering resistance against diverse sgRNA-producing RNA viruses and offers a conceptual framework for developing synthetic antiviral immunity in plants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeg0007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T17:58:53Z","timestamp":1790359133000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Specific and efficient translation inhibition\u2013transcription activation resistance module against viruses in plants"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3841-700X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhaolei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10093, 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