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The results show that the areal fraction of the euxinic sink was higher than today, reaching \u223c2% during OAE2 (Oceanic Anoxic Event 2), and that the importance of the deep ocean oxic sink relative to the euxinic sink increased during the Cenozoic, potentially driven by changes in the biological pump and ocean circulation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeg0341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:59:39Z","timestamp":1787767179000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Coupled nickel and molybdenum isotopes quantify the evolution of the ocean system since the Late Cretaceous"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5688-4288","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mingzhao","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6070-6297","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Corey","family":"Archer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8653-0448","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Florian","family":"Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth System Sciences, Universit\u00e4t Hamburg, Bundesstra\u00dfe 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8420-7209","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tim","family":"Sweere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6140-6325","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derek","family":"Vance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Z\u00fcrich, 8092 Z\u00fcrich, Switzerland."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-031721-104005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2009GC002788"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-earth-032320-095425"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G24618A.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. 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