{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:55:12Z","timestamp":1790794512540,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"40","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52505039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52505039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62474003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62474003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52205032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52205032"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Grants Council of Hong Kong","award":["14204423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14204423"]}]},{"name":"Research Grants Council of Hong Kong","award":["24202024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24202024"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["L241063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L241063"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project of Peking University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v51f717","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006355","name":"Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BME-pl-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BME-pl-25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006355","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) Government","award":["ITS\/344\/24FP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITS\/344\/24FP"]}]},{"name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","award":["ZDSYS20200811143601004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZDSYS20200811143601004"]}]},{"name":"Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF), Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong Technology Cooperation Funding Scheme","award":["GHP\/234\/23GD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GHP\/234\/23GD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Robotic textiles that autonomously sense biological and environmental signals and perform closed-loop adaptive actuation represent a new paradigm for intelligent human\u2013machine interfaces in precision medicine and human augmentation. However, mechanical incompatibility of their constituent materials and architectures, unstable sensing during dynamic human\u2013machine interaction, and high-voltage safety concerns significantly restrict their reliable applications. Herein, a low-voltage-driven untethered robotic textile interlacing all-in-one core\u2013sheath liquid metal (LM)\u2013liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fibers with passive yarns is proposed, enabling stable closed-loop sensing-control-actuation within a unified programmable architecture by sensing preload, strain and temperature variations. Thereinto, the hollow LCE fiber acts as an efficient actuating element and compliant protective sheath, and the LM core simultaneously provides robust strain sensing and electrothermal stimulation. These untethered closed-loop robotic textiles feature high-force and voltage-tunable actuation and programmable morphing with adjustable porosity, offering significant potential for locomotion support and training, posture correction, compression therapy, thermal management, and electromagnetic-interference attenuation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeg2745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:58:26Z","timestamp":1790791106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Programmable robotic textile with closed-loop self-sensing and active actuation"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7206-9711","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haoran","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."},{"name":"Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3827-9612","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lingqi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yishen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaoweiang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clone Incorporated, Atherton, CA 94027, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9730-9546","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6454-8784","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongjie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, School of Integrated Circuits, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9325-6384","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent System, Institute for Robotics, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-4273","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiguang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-022-00723-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41928-025-01386-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"232","article-title":"Smart textiles for personalized sports and healthcare","volume":"17","author":"Xu Z.","year":"2025","unstructured":"Z. Xu, C. Zhang, F. Wang, J. Yu, G. Yang, R. A. Surmenev, Z. Li, B. Ding, Smart textiles for personalized sports and healthcare. Nanomicro Lett. 17, 232 (2025).","journal-title":"Nanomicro Lett."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201507333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202207298"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300875"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202000383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Yuen A. Cherian J. C. Case J. Seipel R. K. Kramer Conformable actuation and sensing with robotic fabricn in 2014 IEEE\/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems (IEEE 2014) pp. 580\u2013586.","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2014.6942618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5NR02801A"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201700397"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav7536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202205732"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.201901146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-15369-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2019.0033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2023.3262177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246906"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605273113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ads3058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202210689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202400557"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202005033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.150520"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202212202"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09706-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97835-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2020.105389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2022.107778"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt0318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq9575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abq7703"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2024.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matt.2025.102281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202101814"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202406847"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202101260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202103700"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5MH01982F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202509817"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.162025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(95)00081-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2025.165543"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b04401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adt7613"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1600327"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Luo K. Wu A. E. Spielberg M. Foshey D. L. Rus T. Palacios Digital Fabrication of Pneumatic Actuators with Integrated Sensing by Machine Knitting. Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2022) pp. 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3517577"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk3855"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ade8654"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202301816"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssensors.2c00097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42765-023-00338-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aay2840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-022-10611-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","first-page":"340","article-title":"Assistive devices to help correct sitting- posture based on posture analysis results","volume":"5","author":"Leea S.-M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"S.-M. Leea, H.-J. Kima, S.-J. Hama, S. Kim, Assistive devices to help correct sitting- posture based on posture analysis results. JOIV Int. J. Inform. Visual. 5, 340\u2013346 (2021).","journal-title":"JOIV Int. J. Inform. Visual."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15010353"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","first-page":"155892502110604","article-title":"Designing compression of preventive compression stockings","volume":"16","author":"Lozo M.","year":"2021","unstructured":"M. Lozo, I. Lovri\u010devi\u0107, \u017d. Pavlovi\u0107, Z. Vrlji\u010dak, Designing compression of preventive compression stockings. J. Eng. Fibers Fabr. 16, 15589250211060406 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Eng. Fibers Fabr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2021.3125723"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aah4416"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adi2377"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn5722"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg2745","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:59:50Z","timestamp":1790791190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg2745"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"40","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aeg2745"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg2745","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaeg2745"}}