{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:54:54Z","timestamp":1790794494475,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"40","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031425","name":"Office of Infrastructure","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ECCS-2025462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECCS-2025462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031425","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CarbonCapture Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Commercial, amine-containing porous polymer resins are popular sorbents for CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    removal from air, otherwise known as direct air capture (DAC). However, their limited amine density and poor oxidative stability constrain performance. Herein, we introduce a simple one-step method to add additional amine groups onto a commercial resin, such as Lewatit VP OC 1065, by grafting branched poly(propyleneimine) oligomers via in situ acid-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of azetidine. This \u201cgrafting-from\u201d modification strategy enhances the CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    capacity by &gt;1.4-fold compared to pristine resin, reaching 1.54 and 3.34 mmol\u22c5g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    under dry DAC (400 ppm CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 30\u00b0C) and flue-gas (15% CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 40\u00b0C) conditions, respectively. Under humid DAC conditions, the capacity reaches \u223c2.5 mmol\u22c5g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 25\u00b0C and further increases to \u223c3.0 mmol\u22c5g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    at \u22125\u00b0C. The optimal sample shows enhanced oxidation resistance under air and maintains improved cycling stability over 150 adsorption-desorption cycles under simulated flue-gas conditions. Overall, this work demonstrates a scalable, versatile strategy to upgrade commercial materials into more efficient and durable sorbents for carbon capture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeg5572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:58:26Z","timestamp":1790791106000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In situ azetidine polymerization elevates the performance of commercial polymer resin sorbents in carbon dioxide capture"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4356-2014","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arkaprabha","family":"Giri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4854-3587","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"UnJin","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8879-3284","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Opeyemi","family":"Ojelade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5041-2740","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacob","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6381-6259","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jordi","family":"Esp\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CarbonCapture Inc., 1242 Palmetto St., Los Angeles, CA 90013, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4846-2423","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Madison","family":"Nichols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CarbonCapture Inc., 1242 Palmetto St., Los Angeles, CA 90013, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8534-8361","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Surya","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CarbonCapture Inc., 1242 Palmetto St., Los Angeles, CA 90013, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3098-666X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Omid Ghaffari","family":"Nik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CarbonCapture Inc., 1242 Palmetto St., Los Angeles, CA 90013, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3255-5791","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical &amp; Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.127999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","unstructured":"Emissions gap report 2017 A UN environment synthesis report https:\/\/www.unep.org\/resources\/emissions-gap-report-2017 [accessed December 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ENG.2017.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"N. S. Council Carbon dioxide removal: NOAA State of the Science factsheet 2024 https:\/\/www.climate.gov\/news-features\/understanding-climate\/carbon-dioxide-removal-noaa-state-science-factsheet#:\u223c:text=The%20State%20of%20Carbon%20Dioxide%20Removal%20report already%20occurring%2C%20primarily%20through%20conventional%20CDR%20methods [accessed December 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108765109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-020-0876-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00508E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201906756"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtener.2024.101740"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202400249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2021.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS00970B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja300034j"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MA00235C"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c18643"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.103990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.energyfuels.4c01156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacsau.0c00127"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4EE00616J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"M. Chintapalli S. Meckler G. Iftime R. Pandey M. Louie E. Shin M. Beh Tunable rapid uptake aminopolymer aerogel sorbent for direct air capture of CO2. 2024. US patent number: US11944933B2."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","unstructured":"Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Roundtable on Foundational Science for Carbon Dioxide Removal Technologies. U.S. Department of Energy\u2019s Office of Basic Energy Science 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie900837t"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es102797w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.5b01060"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08080-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c13381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C3EE42328J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TA01304F"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00465H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.4c02641"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","unstructured":"D. Albani C. Gropp T. Aztiria C. Limone A. Vargas Uses of amino sorbents for capturing of CO2 from gas streams. 2024 International Patent No.: WO 2024\/132899 A1."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","unstructured":"A. P. Tirio Process and apparatus for carbon dioixde capture via ion exchange resins. United States 2011 US Patent No.: US 2011\/0088550 A1."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","unstructured":"Y. Gao Solid primary amine and amidine-based materials for adsorptive gas separation of CO2 with improved air water and temperature tolerance. 2024 International Patent No.: WO 2024\/110902 A1."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.9b00574"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c20617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jced.3c00401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie300452c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.9b03823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5c12939"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2025.135224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.148901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202300930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b00235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.201800438"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsapm.5c03465"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/app.47844"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/macp.1974.021751211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3935(20000901)201:14<1673::AID-MACP1673>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.macromol.7b02402"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9PY00278B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.9b00512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cm303931q"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ie503781u"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c09554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00265","DOI":"10.1002\/mame.202500265","article-title":"Glucose-responsive modified poly(propylene imine) dendrimer for self-regulated insulin delivery","volume":"311","author":"Sharifabad A. H.","year":"2026","unstructured":"A. H. Sharifabad, T. Behzad, M. Salami-Kalajahi, Glucose-responsive modified poly(propylene imine) dendrimer for self-regulated insulin delivery. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 311, e00265 (2026).","journal-title":"Macromol. Mater. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma951606o"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c12707"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5IM00002E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestengg.4c00503"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacsau.1c00414"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2016.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/JCLI-D-23-0342.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TA05578K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.0c00762"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jz502032c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.7b07930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. J. Cvetanovi\u0107 Y. Amenomiya Application of a temperature-programmed desorption technique to catalyst studies in Advances in Catalysis D. D. Eley H. Pines P. B. Weisz Eds. (Academic Press New York ed. 2 1967) vol. 17 pp. 103\u2013149.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-0564(08)60686-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2MA01020H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cssc.202201908"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2025.135627"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202302887"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-025-01735-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemmater.5c02891"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.4c14971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c05382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.5c12750"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202410138"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c14125"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.3c13528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmaterialslett.3c00708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202302708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2026.166489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2024.129415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2EE24139K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b04674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/690186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1ee01681d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.iecr.4c04581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsenvironau.3c00010"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg5572","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:00:26Z","timestamp":1790791226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg5572"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"40","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aeg5572"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeg5572","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaeg5572"}}