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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Seed longevity (SL) is vital for ensuring food security worldwide. However, the genetic basis of SL has been scarcely documented. Here, we report the cloning of a major SL locus,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qSL6<\/jats:italic>\n                    , encoding a fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase type B. SL6 is functionally conserved in regulating palmitic acid synthesis in seeds, conferring higher oxidation durability and SL in various species. Through the VP1-\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SL6<\/jats:italic>\n                    module, a seed desiccation\u2013derived ABA signal is transmitted via VP1, which directly activates\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SL6<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription to alter the fatty acid composition and elevate SL in seeds. The ancestral elite allele\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      SL6\n                      <jats:sup>HHZ<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    harbors a virus-derived CT-rich motif\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -element in the 5\u2032UTR, which serves as a universal, bidirectional mRNA stabilizer, contributing to the divergence between\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">indica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">japonica<\/jats:italic>\n                    in terms of SL. Moreover, manipulating\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SL6<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression via marker-assisted selection or transgenic approaches notably improved SL in rice cultivars and F\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    hybrids without affecting major agronomic traits. Our findings provided a promising genetic locus for improving SL in rice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeg8609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T17:58:46Z","timestamp":1788544726000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Natural variation in\n                    <i>SL6<\/i>\n                    determines fatty acid components and seed longevity in rice"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5187-3755","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yifeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8457-8405","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiezheng","family":"Ying","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."},{"name":"College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianya","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."},{"name":"College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanghao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenghao","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-9844-7086","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hongzhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1309-7732","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6580-5358","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xixi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3303-9342","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yu","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0830-4717","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State key laboratory of rice biology and breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, 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Li, L. Tang, J. Qiu, W. Zhang, Y. Wang, X. Tong, X. Wei, Y. Hou, J. Zhang, Serine carboxypeptidase 46 regulates grain filling and seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa L.). 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