{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:40:37Z","timestamp":1792608037166,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"43","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12374111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12374111"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12574523, 12404549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12574523, 12404549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12574096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12574096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National key R&D program of China","award":["2025YFA1411302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFA1411302"]}]},{"name":"National key R&D program of China","award":["2022YFA1402903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFA1402903"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["20220814162144001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20220814162144001"]}]},{"name":"Key Program of the National Natural Science foundation of China","award":["12534003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12534003"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Device Physics","award":["2024B1212010001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024B1212010001"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative","award":["GDZX2301004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GDZX2301004"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Fundamental Research Program","award":["2025A1515012039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025A1515012039"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative","award":["GDZX2402002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GDZX2402002"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Phononics and Intelligent Thermal Materials","award":["SYSRD20250529114001002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SYSRD20250529114001002"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory Program","award":["2021B1212040001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B1212040001"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Major Project of Basic Research","award":["2026B0303000004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026B0303000004"]}]},{"name":"SUSTech Core Research Facilities"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Injection of pure spin current into superconductors remains a major challenge in superconducting spintronics. Previous studies have primarily focused on spin-polarized quasiparticles and spin-triplet supercurrents, while vortices\u2014ubiquitous topological defects in type-II superconductors\u2014have been theoretically proposed as alternative carriers of spin angular momentum, yet direct experimental evidence is still lacking. Here, we report the vortex-mediated spin current injection in NbSe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/LiAl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Fe\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    (LAFO) bilayer, an Ising superconductor\/ferrimagnetic insulator heterostructure. Under an out-of-plane temperature gradient and an in-plane magnetic field, the NbSe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/LAFO bilayer shows a pronounced thermoelectric peak near the upper critical magnetic field, which has the opposite sign to the conventional vortex Nernst signal observed in a single-layer NbSe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . The sign reversal suggests that the vortex flow induced by spin current injection is opposite to the flow driven by the temperature gradient, which is consistent with theoretical mechanisms including spin-vorticity transmutation and the inverse vortex spin Hall effect. By mapping the field\u2013temperature phase diagram, we reveal that the spin current injection occurs exclusively in the vortex liquid phase of NbSe\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Absence of the thermoelectric signal above the superconducting transition temperature further rules out the quasiparticle contribution. Our results establish vortices as efficient carriers of spin information in superconductors, opening a new route towards vortex-mediated superconducting spintronic devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeh1582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:01:42Z","timestamp":1792605702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vortex-mediated spin current injection into two-dimensional superconductor NbSe\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0905-693X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meng","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0234-7999","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5530-8938","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0688-2772","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yifeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3787-3064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qinwu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."},{"name":"Quantum Science Center of Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong\u2013Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danni","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8762-892X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4446-526X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuo-Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."},{"name":"Quantum Science Center of Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong\u2013Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4113-8703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junxue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China."},{"name":"Quantum Science Center of Guangdong\u2013Hong Kong\u2013Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen 518045, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Thermoelectric Materials and Device Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, 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