{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:38:34Z","timestamp":1787679514176,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"33","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008903","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-KH138733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-KH138733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008903","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009950","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026-RISE-10-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026-RISE-10-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003715","name":"Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KGM4562633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KGM4562633"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003715","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-16068427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-16068427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00355530"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00355530"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00460066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00460066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00415347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00415347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-25424145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-25424145"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2021-NR060107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2021-NR060107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008003","name":"Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KGM4562633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KGM4562633"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IITP-2026-RS-2023-00258971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2026-RS-2023-00258971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sci. Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Amyloids are misfolded protein aggregates linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Their aggregation kinetics are influenced by numerous variables and exhibit autocatalytic and stochastic behavior, prompting the use of microdroplet-based assays to enhance statistical robustness. However, uncontrolled water extraction from microdroplets during incubation alters solute concentration, limits accessible temperature and reaction time ranges, and limits experimental versatility. Here, we introduce a microdroplet handling strategy that enables programmable microdroplet water extraction. Suppressing water extraction enables long-term aggregation kinetic measurements for up to 30 days at 60\u00b0C, while promoting water extraction induces amyloid clustering within 1 hour. Using this technique, we investigated aggregation kinetics as a function of droplet size, protein concentration, and incubation time and conducted preliminary studies using microdroplet-derived amyloid clusters (MDACs). These advancements expand the experimental flexibility of droplet-based assays and provide a reproducible in vitro platform for amyloid aggregation and clustering, with potential applications in downstream screening and biological studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aeh3040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:01:07Z","timestamp":1786557667000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long-term amyloid aggregation kinetic assay and rapid amyloid clustering enabled by programmable microdroplet water extraction"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0792-4014","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Da Yeon","family":"Cheong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0069-7691","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seokbeom","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7423-0165","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jung Bae","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5850-6555","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sang Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0247-9050","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dain","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3271-5097","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taeha","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Digital Healthcare Center, Sejong Institute for Business and Technology (SIBT), Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5886-7748","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiyeon","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4874-0265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seung Pil","family":"Pack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8140-5928","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Minho","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Research Institute for Dementia Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2186-4775","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wonseok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8306-2383","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyung Rok","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2485-7891","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bo Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Radiological and Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1901-8238","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jae Yong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Radiological and Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5112-6736","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9117-887X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyung Seob","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-7068","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chang-Yeop","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2920-3365","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yangzhi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 91367, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeongjeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"KRIBB School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7895-5112","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gyudo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."},{"name":"Digital Healthcare Center, Sejong Institute for Business and Technology (SIBT), Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3229-8345","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Insu","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01484-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20943823"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.119672"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2025.111740"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8208"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SC00281J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1105555108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c2nr30768e"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201409050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/pri.4.4.13597"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2024.110179"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05329"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b00061"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn504869d"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6b04039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA02336G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23105480"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201400366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf4382"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386483-3.00003-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/admi.202000446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201602270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5030114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5SC03258J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C6SM01314G"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja206513r"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b03279"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)02446-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12070950"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(03)00722-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC01233D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cn400151a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA119.010003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201798049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi400240c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra023144"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-3-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1208059"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2015.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00465-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CP07845H"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M402379200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189804"}],"container-title":["Science Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeh3040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T18:03:52Z","timestamp":1786557832000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeh3040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"33","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/sciadv.aeh3040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aeh3040","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eaeh3040"}}