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Adv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Spiral growth in two-dimensional (2D) materials has conventionally been explained by single screw dislocation mechanisms, yet a complete multiscale understanding remains elusive due to the intricate nature of screw dislocation structures. Here, we present a stabilization approach through metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (m-TMDs) overlayers on spiral semiconducting TMDs (s-TMDs), which enables unprecedentedly robust atomic-resolution imaging of screw dislocations in cross-sectional van der Waals heterostructures. Our multiscale investigations identify nanoscale substrate undulations as critical nucleation sites for screw dislocations and uncover a multi-screw dislocation-driven (MSDD) growth paradigm, characterized by periodic stress stripes with linear densities approaching \u223c10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Furthermore, we establish that dislocation interactions govern stacking sequence reconstruction, while the kinetic competition among multiple screw dislocations determines the ultimate spiral architectures. These insights fundamentally transform our understanding of defect-mediated growth in 2D materials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aei7996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:06:59Z","timestamp":1791569219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiscale insights into screw dislocation-driven growth mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9203-0843","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peiyu","family":"Qiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China."},{"name":"School of Advanced Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2308-0034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhongshi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8135-0099","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bohui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Crystals Lab, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, PR China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4656-1554","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pifu","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Crystals Lab, Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, PR China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6409-8690","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuanze","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2370-4321","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yifan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7451-5360","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lifeng","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9275-9661","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interior &amp;amp; Exterior Trim Department 1, Beijing Automotive Research Institute Co. 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