{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:57:39Z","timestamp":1791295059092,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5511","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            RNA editing in trypanosomes occurs by a series of enzymatic steps that are catalyzed by a macromolecular complex. The TbMP52 protein is shown to be a component of this complex, to have RNA ligase activity, and to be one of two adenylatable proteins in the complex. Regulated repression of\n            <jats:italic>TbMP52<\/jats:italic>\n            blocks editing, which shows that it is a functional component of the editing complex. This repression is lethal in bloodforms of the parasite, indicating that editing is essential in the mammalian stage of the life cycle. The editing complex, which is present in all kinetoplastid parasites, may thus be a chemotherapeutic target.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058955","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T21:03:29Z","timestamp":1633554209000},"page":"2159-2162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["An RNA Ligase Essential for RNA Editing and Survival of the Bloodstream Form of\n            <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Achim","family":"Schnaufer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aswini K.","family":"Panigrahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Panicucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Robert P.","family":"Igo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Salavati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Stuart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","first-page":"15","volume":"36","author":"Hajduk S. L.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hajduk S. L., et al., Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser. 36, 15 (1997).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. Stuart et al. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 61 105 (1997).","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.61.1.105-120.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(99)00437-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.21.2.380-389.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","unstructured":"Searches were done at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Structure\/cdd\/cdd.shtml."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1995.mmi_17030405.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"Single-letter abbreviations for the amino acid residues are as follows: A Ala; C Cys; D Asp; E Glu; F Phe; G Gly; H His; I Ile; K Lys; L Leu; M Met; N Asn; P Pro; Q Gln; R Arg; S Ser; T Thr; V Val; W Trp; Y Tyr; X any amino acid."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. E. Tomkinson et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 400 (1991).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.2.400"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.13.7233"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(96)02795-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. N. Rusch\u00e9 et al. EMBO J. 16 4069 (1997).","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.13.4069"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","unstructured":"Using published methods (13 14) one endogenous allele was eliminated in cultured bloodforms using construct pTbMP52-KO1 but several attempts to knock out the second allele using construct pTbMP52-KO2 failed. An \u201cectopic\u201d allele with a tet-inducible promoter was inserted using construct pTbMP52-ect to get clone 1-5 and then the second endogenous allele was replaced with construct pTbMP52-KO2 to get clone 1B3 which was chosen at random for analysis. See (16) for details."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Wirtz et al. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 99 89 (1999).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(99)00002-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(99)00111-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","unstructured":"A. K. Panigrahi unpublished data."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"Supplemental Web material is available on Science Online at www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/1058955\/DC1."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1589782"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Missel et al. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 4895 (1997).","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.9.4895"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00763067"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.49.1.189"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1996.00888.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","first-page":"1259","volume":"8","author":"Feagin J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Feagin J., Stuart K., Mol. Cell. Biol. 8, 1259 (1988).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D. J. Koslowsky et al. Cell 62 901 (1990).","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90265-G"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","unstructured":"rTbMP52 was expressed in vitro from the coding sequence in pSG1 vector using the TNT quick coupled transcription\/translation system (Promega) with either [ 35 S]-labeled or cold methionine. Control reactions used pSG1 vector alone. Translation products were immunoprecipitated from the TNT mix with mAb P3C1-G2 (4)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. P. Igo Jr. et al. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 8447 (2000).","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.22.8447-8457.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","unstructured":"We thank N. Carmean for technical assistance; T. White and H. Interthal for comments on the manuscript; the George Cross laboratory for the knockout plasmids; E. Vassella for helpful suggestions; M. Parsons for antiserum to phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK); V. Kumar for the pSG1 plasmid; and the Stuart laboratory for helpful discussions. Support was from NIH grants GM42188 and AI14102 and Human Frontier Science Program Organization grant RG\/97."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1058955","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T22:57:15Z","timestamp":1704841035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1058955"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,16]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5511","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1058955"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1058955","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,16]]}}}