{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T19:46:27Z","timestamp":1791920787435,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5521","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Reflectance spectra from Galileo's near-infrared mapping spectrometer (NIMS) suggests that the surface of Ganymede, the largest satellite of Jupiter, contains hydrated materials. These materials are interpreted to be similar to those found on Europa, that is, mostly frozen magnesium sulfate brines that are derived from a subsurface briny layer of fluid.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:52:41Z","timestamp":1027763561000},"page":"1523-1525","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Hydrated Salt Minerals on Ganymede's Surface: Evidence of an Ocean Below"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"292","author":[{"given":"Thomas B.","family":"McCord","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary B.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Hibbitts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5316.1236"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"1058","volume":"26","author":"Du Frensne E. R.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Du Frensne E. R., Anders E., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 26, 1058 (1962).","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(89)90026-2","volume":"82","author":"Fanale F. P.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fanale F. P., Salvail J. R., Icarus 82, 97 (1989).","journal-title":"Icarus"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19041","DOI":"10.1029\/94JE03349","volume":"100","author":"Calvin W. M.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Calvin W. M., et al., J. Geophys. Res. 100, 19041 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","unstructured":"F. P. Fanale T. V. Johnson D. L. Matson in Planetary Satellites (Univ. of Arizona Press Tucson AZ 1977) pp. 379\u2013405."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(91)90235-L","volume":"94","author":"Kargel J. S.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kargel J. S., Icarus 94, 368 (1991).","journal-title":"Icarus"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"F. P. Fanale et al. Lunar Planet.Sci. XXIX 1248 (abstr.) (1998)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","unstructured":"M. Y Zolotov and E. L. Shock J. Geophys. Res. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1029\/00EO00141","volume":"81","author":"McCord T. B.","year":"2000","unstructured":"McCord T. B., Eos 81, 209 (2000).","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5367.1242"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","first-page":"11824","volume":"104","author":"McCord T. B.","year":"1999","unstructured":"McCord T. B., et al., J. Geophys. Res. 104, 11824 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","unstructured":"T. B. McCord et al. J. Geophys. Res. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5437.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1029\/2000JE001282","volume":"106","author":"McCord T. B.","year":"2001","unstructured":"McCord T. B., et al., J. Geophys. Res. 106, 3311 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.178.4065.1087"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. N. Clark T. B. McCord Icarus 41 323 (1980).","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(80)90217-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8603","DOI":"10.1029\/98JE00788","volume":"103","author":"McCord T. B.","year":"1998","unstructured":"McCord T. B., et al., J. Geophys. Res. 103, 8603 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","first-page":"F792","volume":"81","author":"Hansen G. B.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hansen G. B., McCord T. B., Eos 81, F792 (2000).","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(87)90107-2","volume":"69","author":"Spencer J. R.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Spencer J. R., Icarus 69, 297 (1987).","journal-title":"Icarus"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1999.6132","volume":"140","author":"Moore J. M.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moore J. M., et al., Icarus 140, 294 (1999).","journal-title":"Icarus"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_1_22_2.1","unstructured":"D. E. Wilhelms U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Investig. Map I-2442 (1997)"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_1_22_2.2","unstructured":"S. K. Croft R. Casacchia R. G. Strom U.S. Geol. Surv. Misc. Investig. Map I-2328 (1994). From Galileo images G. C. Collins made a GIS map of Ganymede that identifies a generic \"dark terrain\" within which our spots lie. A low-resolution map is presented in G. C. Collins J. W. Head R. T. Pappalardo Galileo SSI Team Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXI 1034 (abstr.) (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","unstructured":"G. Shoemaker et al. in Satellites of Jupiter (Univ. of Arizona Press Tucson AZ 1982) pp. 435\u2013520."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","unstructured":"L. Van Keulen et al. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXI 1539 (abstr.) (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","first-page":"F789","volume":"81","author":"Kivelson M. G.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kivelson M. G., Eos 81, F789 (2000).","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","first-page":"F791","volume":"81","author":"Pappalardo R. T.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pappalardo R. T., et al., Eos 81, F791 (2000).","journal-title":"Eos"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","unstructured":"We thank F. Fanale and R. Pappalardo for helpful comments. Supported by NASA grants NAG5-10514 NAG5-8983 and JPL-960443. This is University of Hawaii publication no. 1145 (HIGP) and 5470 (SOEST)."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1059916","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T23:12:41Z","timestamp":1704841961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1059916"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5521","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1059916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1059916","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,25]]}}}