{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:27:40Z","timestamp":1791217660454,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5547","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Killed or inactivated vaccines targeting intracellular bacterial and protozoal pathogens are notoriously ineffective at generating protective immunity. For example, vaccination with heat-killed\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    (HKLM) is not protective, although infection with live\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    induces long-lived, CD8 T cell\u2013mediated immunity. We demonstrate that HKLM immunization primes memory CD8 T lymphocyte populations that, although substantial in size, are ineffective at providing protection from subsequent\n                    <jats:italic>L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. In contrast to live infection, which elicits large numbers of effector CD8 T cells, HKLM immunization primes T lymphocytes that do not acquire effector functions. Our studies show that it is possible to dissociate T cell\u2013dependent protective immunity from memory T cell expansion, and that generation of effector T cells may be necessary for long-term protective immunity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T05:47:15Z","timestamp":1027748835000},"page":"1735-1739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":223,"title":["Priming of Memory But Not Effector CD8 T Cells by a Killed Bacterial Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"294","author":[{"given":"Gregoire","family":"Lauvau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujata","family":"Vijh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Horng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Kerksiek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Serbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman A.","family":"Tuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric G.","family":"Pamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.275"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5258.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/21208"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5408.1745"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5489.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/44385"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03420090077035"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.164.1.363"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.6.2005","volume":"139","author":"Bishop D. K.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bishop D. K., Hinrichs D. J., J. Immunol. 139, 2005 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.23.11612"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/297233a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80540-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","unstructured":"HKLM was prepared by growing L. monocytogenes 10403s strain in 500 ml of brain heart infusion medium for 72 hours at 37\u00b0C. Bacteria were washed twice in 100 ml of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and then resuspended at 5 \u00d7 10 10 bacteria per ml in PBS and incubated for 3 hours at 70\u00b0C. Aliquots (1 ml) of this suspension were stored at \u201380\u00b0C."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"See Science Online (www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/294\/5547\/1735\/DC1)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4087","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.8.4087","volume":"163","author":"Edelson B. T.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Edelson B. T., Cossart P., Unanue E. R., J. Immunol. 163, 4087 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"N. Serbina E. G. Pamer unpublished data."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.3.1303-1309.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80681-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","unstructured":"VDJ regions of the T cell receptor (TCR) \u03b2 and \u03b1 chain genes were amplified with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from genomic DNA of cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone L9.6 which is specific for the L. monocytogenes \u2013derived epitope p60 217-225 (29). The \u03b2 chain VDJ region was amplified with Pfu polymerase (Stratagene) using the sense V\u03b214 primer 5\u2032-CGCTCGAGTG- AACTATGCTGTACTCTCTCCTTGCC-3\u2032 and the antisense J\u03b22.4 primer 5\u2032-TCTTATCGATACAGCCCCAGAACCCAAC-3\u2032. The resulting fragment was digested with Xho I and Cla I and cloned into the TCR \u03b2 cassette (30). The TCR \u03b1 chain VJ region was amplified using the sense V\u03b14.2 primer 5\u2032-CGCCCGGGCAGAAAATGAACCTTTGTCCTGAACTGGGG-3\u2032 and the antisense J\u03b14 primer 5\u2032-GCGGCGGCCGCGCTACCACCAAAGCCTGTGG-3\u2032 which include Xma I and Not I restriction sites respectively. This fragment was digested with Xma I and Not I and cloned into the TCR \u03b1 cassette (30). Plasmids were screened by restriction mapping for presence of the complete TCR \u03b2 or \u03b1 gene. The TCR \u03b2 gene insert was separated from the prokaryotic fragment of the vector by digestion with Kpn I and the TCR \u03b1 gene insert by digestion with Sal I. These DNA fragments were purified and comicroinjected into fertilized oocytes of C57BL6 \u00d7 SJL F 1 mice at the Yale transgenic mouse facility. Founders were identified by PCR screening of DNA purified from mouse tails and were bred for 10 generations onto the BALB\/cJ background."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Mercado et al. J. Immunol. 165 6833 (2000).","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.6833"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87720"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87730"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.2.591","volume":"159","author":"Pape K. A.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pape K. A., Khoruts A., Mondino A., Jenkins M. K., J. Immunol. 159, 591 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Mitchell et al. Nature Immunol. 2 377 (2001).","DOI":"10.1038\/87669"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.8.5115"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35065111"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1058867"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.5.878"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.2.686","volume":"152","author":"Pamer E. G.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pamer E. G., J. Immunol. 152, 686 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(95)00002-R"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","unstructured":"We thank R. Flavell for providing the CIITA knockout mouse C. Viret and D. Sant Angelo for excellent technical advice and discussions on the generation of TCR-transgenic mice and C. Surh (Scripps Research Institute) for providing us with Thy1.1-congenic BALB\/c mice. Supported by NIH grants AI 39031 and AI42135 a Human Frontier Science Program postdoctoral fellowship (G.L.) and National Research Service Award individual fellowship F32 AI09629-02 (S.V.)."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1064571","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T16:45:41Z","timestamp":1704818741000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1064571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,23]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5547","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1064571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1064571","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1002596.28854","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1002596.32905","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1002596.28755","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1002596.32356","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1002596.33157","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,11,23]]}}}