{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:21:42Z","timestamp":1790965302128,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5576","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The Maternal-Effect Sterile (MES) proteins are essential for germline viability in\n                    <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Here, we report that MES-4, a SET-domain protein, binds to the autosomes but not to the X chromosomes. MES-2, MES-3, and MES-6 are required to exclude MES-4 and markers of active chromatin from the X chromosomes. These findings strengthen the emerging view that in the\n                    <jats:italic>C. elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                    germ line, the X chromosomes differ in chromatin state from the autosomes and are generally silenced. We propose that all four MES proteins participate in X-chromosome silencing, and that the role of MES-4 is to exclude repressors from the autosomes, thus enabling efficient repression of the Xs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,28]],"date-time":"2002-07-28T19:06:23Z","timestamp":1027883183000},"page":"2235-2238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Regulation of the Different Chromatin States of Autosomes and X Chromosomes in the Germ Line of\n                    <i>C. elegans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"296","author":[{"given":"Youyi","family":"Fong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenchao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Strome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-1878(200012)22:12<1106::AID-BIES8>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"22","author":"Marin I.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marin I., Siegel M. L., Baker B. S., Bioessays 22, 1106 (2000).","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)00059-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.2.479"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/129.4.1061","volume":"129","author":"Capowski E. E.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Capowski E. E., Martin P., Garvin C., Strome S., Genetics 129, 1061 (1991).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/148.1.167","volume":"148","author":"Garvin C.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Garvin C., Holdeman R., Strome S., Genetics 148, 167 (1998).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.13.2457"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.13.2469"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/141.4.1383","volume":"141","author":"Paulsen J. E.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Paulsen J. E., Capowski E. E., Strome S., Genetics 141, 1383 (1995).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5061","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.081016198","volume":"98","author":"Xu L.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Xu L., Fong Y., Strome S., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98, 5061 (2001).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","unstructured":"Supplemental material is available on Science Online at www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/content\/full\/296\/5576\/2235\/DC1."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","unstructured":"Y. Fong L. Bender W. Wang S. Strome unpublished results."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FlyBase Nucleic Acids Res. 27 85 (1999).","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/27.1.85"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.12.3398","volume":"17","author":"Huang N.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Huang N., et al., EMBO J. 17, 3398 (1998).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.9.3025","volume":"92","author":"Chesi M.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chesi M., et al., Blood 92, 3025 (1998).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. O'Connell et al. J. Biol. Chem. 276 43065 (2001).","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M104294200"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6441","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.9.6441","volume":"19","author":"Rozovskaia T.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rozovskaia T., et al., Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 6441 (1999).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35020506"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063127"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(01)00301-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb04966.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/146.1.227","volume":"146","author":"Kelly W. G.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kelly W. G., Xu S., Montgomery M. K., Fire A., Genetics 146, 227 (1997).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/159.3.1007","volume":"159","author":"Xu L.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Xu L., Paulsen J., Yoo Y., Goodwin E. B., Strome S., Genetics 159, 1007 (2001).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng574"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.125.13.2451","volume":"125","author":"Kelly W. G.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kelly W. G., Fire A., Development 125, 2451 (1998).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/92.2.419","volume":"92","author":"Herman R. K.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Herman R. K., Madl J. E., Kari C. K., Genetics 92, 419 (1979).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.116.3.755"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","unstructured":"We thank J. Shaw for strains; C. Garvin and J. Kirchner for help mapping mes-4 ; and W. Kelly B. Meyer V. Reinke T. Schedl J. Simon and the Strome Lab for stimulating discussions. This research was supported by NIH grant GM34059 (S.S.)."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1070790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T22:39:50Z","timestamp":1704839990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1070790"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,21]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5576","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,21]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1070790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1070790","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1007647.117561","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1007647.148613","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1007647.108810","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1007647.96530","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1007647.110361","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,6,21]]}}}