{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:37:40Z","timestamp":1791297460346,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5583","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Full-length poliovirus complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized by assembling oligonucleotides of plus and minus strand polarity. The synthetic poliovirus cDNA was transcribed by RNA polymerase into viral RNA, which translated and replicated in a cell-free extract, resulting in the de novo synthesis of infectious poliovirus. Experiments in tissue culture using neutralizing antibodies and CD155 receptor\u2013specific antibodies and neurovirulence tests in\n            <jats:italic>CD155<\/jats:italic>\n            transgenic mice confirmed that the synthetic virus had biochemical and pathogenic characteristics of poliovirus. Our results show that it is possible to synthesize an infectious agent by in vitro chemical-biochemical means solely by following instructions from a written sequence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T19:34:46Z","timestamp":1033500886000},"page":"1016-1018","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":785,"title":["Chemical Synthesis of Poliovirus cDNA: Generation of Infectious Virus in the Absence of Natural Template"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"297","author":[{"given":"Jeronimo","family":"Cello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794\u20135222, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aniko V.","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794\u20135222, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eckard","family":"Wimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794\u20135222, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.41.12.1020"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1661029"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Pfister C. Mirzayan E. Wimmer in The Encyclopedia of Virology R. G. Webster A. Granoff Eds. (Academic Press Ltd. London ed. 2 1999) pp. 1330\u20131348.","DOI":"10.1006\/rwvi.1999.0224"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/291547a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.8.4887"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2994218"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.27.120193.002033"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90690-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07520.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.62.8.2636-2643.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/334320a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/smvy.1997.0128"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","unstructured":"Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.8.2330"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","unstructured":"J. Cello A. V. Paul E. Wimmer unpublished data."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-66-12-2563"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.3.951"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.2.681-688.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0882-4010(05)80002-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90578-D"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.6.3658-3667.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/andp.18280880206"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0302-205"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","unstructured":"We thank A. Wimmer and J. Benach for valuable comments on the manuscript. We are indebted to B. L. Semler for a sample of cell-free HeLa cell extract. Supported by Contracts N65236-99-C-5835 and N65236-00-M-3707 from the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1072266","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T02:53:06Z","timestamp":1704855186000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1072266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5583","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1072266"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1072266","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,9]]}}}