{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:39:54Z","timestamp":1791409194241,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5699","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), a fragment of the bacterial surface molecule peptidoglycan (PGN), is the factor responsible for the extensive tissue damage characteristic of whooping cough and gonorrhea infections. Here, we report that\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio fischeri<\/jats:italic>\n                    also releases TCT, which acts in synergy with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to trigger tissue development in its mutualistic symbiosis with the squid\n                    <jats:italic>Euprymna scolopes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . As components of PGN and LPS have commonly been linked with pathogenesis in animals, these findings demonstrate that host interpretation of these bacterial signal molecules is context dependent. Therefore, such differences in interpretation can lead to either inflammation and disease or to the establishment of a mutually beneficial animal-microbe association.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1102218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,11]],"date-time":"2004-11-11T17:19:20Z","timestamp":1100193560000},"page":"1186-1188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":357,"title":["Microbial Factor-Mediated Development in a Host-Bacterial Mutualism"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"306","author":[{"given":"Tanya A.","family":"Koropatnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacquelyn T.","family":"Engle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Apicella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric V.","family":"Stabb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Goldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret J.","family":"McFall-Ngai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Biomedical Research Center, Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1068883"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2004.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1734063100"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2001.0522"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro957"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.18.10231"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.10.5113-5122.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9868"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","unstructured":"M. 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McFall-Ngai et al. unpublished observations."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000026384"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar330"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200115020-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.7.2223-2229.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.24.3.869-878.1979"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.36.2.782-794.1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/149.3.378"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00430a048"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.9.2117-2120.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1542152"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C200673200"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310556200"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","first-page":"29","year":"1998","unstructured":"D. M. Karl, F. C. Dobbs, in Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean, K. E. Cooksey, Ed. (Chapman and Hall, London, 1998), pp. 29\u201389.","journal-title":"Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.3.1235-1242.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","unstructured":"Materials and methods are available on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.34.2.164-169.1977"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","unstructured":"We are grateful to C. Chun W. Crookes M. Goodson J. Graber D. Millikan E. Ruby and A. Schaefer for critical reading of this manuscript; M. McMahon for technical assistance; and C. Yap for Fig. 1 illustrations. We also thank M. Hadfield for the provision of P. luteoviolacea . Supported by an NIH grant to M.M.-N. M.A.A. and E.V.S. (grant no. R01-AI50661) an NSF grant to M.M.-N. (grant no. IBN0211673) an NIH grant to E. G. Ruby and M.M.-N. (grant no. NCRR12294) a W. M. Keck Foundation grant to M.M.-N. and M.A.A. and a Canadian NSERC scholarship to T.A.K."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1102218","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T20:55:13Z","timestamp":1704833713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1102218"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5699","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1102218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1102218","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1022281.253684","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,12]]}}}