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However, we show here that previous analyses may have given a false picture and created an illusion of invariants, which do not necessarily exist; essentially, this is because life-history variables have been regressed against themselves. The following question arises from our analysis: How do we identify an invariant?<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,18]],"date-time":"2005-08-18T17:03:34Z","timestamp":1124384614000},"page":"1236-1239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["The Illusion of Invariant Quantities in Life Histories"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"309","author":[{"given":"Sean","family":"Nee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK."},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Colegrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK."},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart A.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK."},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Grafen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK."},{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. 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