{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:15:21Z","timestamp":1791198921617,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5749","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The molecular pathways involved in retrograde signal transduction at synapses and the function of retrograde communication are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that postsynaptic calcium 2\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            ion (Ca\n            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n            ) influx through glutamate receptors and subsequent postsynaptic vesicle fusion trigger a robust induction of presynaptic miniature release after high-frequency stimulation at\n            <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic>\n            neuromuscular junctions. An isoform of the synaptotagmin family, synaptotagmin 4 (Syt 4), serves as a postsynaptic Ca\n            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n            sensor to release retrograde signals that stimulate enhanced presynaptic function through activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)\u2013cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. Postsynaptic Ca\n            <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n            influx also stimulates local synaptic differentiation and growth through Syt 4\u2013mediated retrograde signals in a synapse-specific manner.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1117541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,3]],"date-time":"2005-11-03T21:48:00Z","timestamp":1131054480000},"page":"858-863","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":143,"title":["Retrograde Signaling by Syt 4 Induces Presynaptic Release and Synapse-Specific Growth"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"310","author":[{"given":"Motojiro","family":"Yoshihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bill","family":"Adolfsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen T.","family":"Galle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Troy","family":"Littleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Biology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361031a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80081-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Experimental procedures can be found on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90091-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(03)00072-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480140305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00183-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90556-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)01065-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200312054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/28190"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.3.1.85"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/23462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-07-02432.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.7a.1229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90178-T"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-22-08315.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-21-08408.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-08-03023.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1681587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90414-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.6.2164"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","unstructured":"M. Yoshihara et al. data not shown."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90509-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-02-00644.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80372-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","unstructured":"D. O. Hebb The Organization of Behavior (Wiley New York 1949)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/385533a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80484-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","unstructured":"We are grateful to S. Waddell for fruitful discussions providing Drosophila strains and critical reading of the manuscript; M. Sheng M. Bear S. Tonegawa C. Quinn M. Sur and E. Montana for critical reading of the manuscript; K. Ikeda for useful discussion; C.-F. Wu for technical advice; G. Miesenbock for providing pHluorin DNA; N. Harden and E. Buchner for antibodies; and A. DiAntonio D. Kalderon J. Kiger S. Thor K. Schulze J. Phillips G. Davis C. S. Goodman and the Bloomington Stock Center for providing Drosophila strains. This work was supported by grants from the NIH the Human Frontiers Science Program Organization the Packard Foundation and the Searle Scholars Program."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1117541","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T02:09:06Z","timestamp":1704852546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1117541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5749","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1117541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1117541","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,4]]}}}