{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:08:49Z","timestamp":1791414529207,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5801","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The structural basis for the distinction of viral RNA from abundant self RNA in the cytoplasm of virally infected cells is largely unknown. We demonstrated that the 5\u2032-triphosphate end of RNA generated by viral polymerases is responsible for retinoic acid\u2013inducible protein I (RIG-I)\u2013mediated detection of RNA molecules. Detection of 5\u2032-triphosphate RNA is abrogated by capping of the 5\u2032-triphosphate end or by nucleoside modification of RNA, both occurring during posttranscriptional RNA processing in eukaryotes. Genomic RNA prepared from a negative-strand RNA virus and RNA prepared from virus-infected cells (but not from noninfected cells) triggered a potent interferon-\u03b1 response in a phosphatase-sensitive manner. 5\u2032-triphosphate RNA directly binds to RIG-I. Thus, uncapped 5\u2032-triphosphate RNA (now termed 3pRNA) present in viruses known to be recognized by RIG-I, but absent in viruses known to be detected by MDA-5 such as the picornaviruses, serves as the molecular signature for the detection of viral infection by RIG-I.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1132505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,13]],"date-time":"2006-10-13T06:40:31Z","timestamp":1160721631000},"page":"994-997","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2215,"title":["5'-Triphosphate RNA Is the Ligand for RIG-I"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Veit","family":"Hornung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Ellegast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Brzo\u0301zka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University 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Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizuo","family":"Akira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl-Klaus","family":"Conzelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, 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565\u20130871, Osaka, Japan."},{"name":"Department of Virology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute and Gene Center, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany."},{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, 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Neumann, G. G. Brownlee, E. Fodor, Y. Kawaoka, Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.283, 121 (2004).","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.1.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","unstructured":"This study was supported by grants from the Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung (Biofuture 0311896) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (HA 2780\/4-1 and Sonderforschungsbereich 571) to G.H. a grant from the Sonderforschungsbereich 455 to K.C. two grants from the F\u00f6rderprogramm f\u00fcr Forschung und Lehre (489 to V.H. and 2004\/33 to S.K.) and by the Graduiertenkolleg 1202 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. This work is part of the thesis of J.E. and S.K. at the University of Munich. We thank S. Rothenfusser for critically reading the manuscript."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1132505","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T04:28:35Z","timestamp":1704860915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1132505"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,10]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5801","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1132505"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1132505","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1046714.500334","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1046714.496720","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1046714.501268","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,10]]}}}