{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:35:59Z","timestamp":1791491759579,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5803","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    For microbial pathogens, phylogeographic differentiation seems to be relatively common. However, the neutral population structure of\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                    serovar Typhi reflects the continued existence of ubiquitous haplotypes over millennia. In contrast, clinical use of fluoroquinolones has yielded at least 15 independent\n                    <jats:italic>gyrA<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations within a decade and stimulated clonal expansion of haplotype H58 in Asia and Africa. Yet, antibiotic-sensitive strains and haplotypes other than H58 still persist despite selection for antibiotic resistance. Neutral evolution in Typhi appears to reflect the asymptomatic carrier state, and adaptive evolution depends on the rapid transmission of phenotypic changes through acute infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1134933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,23]],"date-time":"2006-11-23T14:42:43Z","timestamp":1164292963000},"page":"1301-1304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":312,"title":["Evolutionary History of\n                    <i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Typhi"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"Roumagnac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Planck-Institut fu\u0308r Infektionsbiologie, Department of Molecular Biology, Charite\u0301platz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany."},{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Unite\u0301 Biodiversite\u0301 des Bacte\u0301ries Pathoge\u0300nes Emergentes, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France."},{"name":"Oxford University Clinical 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Morelli B. Linz Y. Moodley F. Balloux and D. Falush for helpful discussions. Support was provided by The Wellcome Trust UK. Work at IVI was supported by the Diseases of the Most Impoverished Program funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. IVI thanks M. Ali A.-L. Page C. M. Galindo J. D. Clemens R. L. Ochiai (IVI); B. Dong (Guangxi Center for Prevention and Disease Control CDC China); Z. A. Bhutta (Aga Khan University Pakistan); S. A. Bhattacharya (National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Disease India); M. Agniti (National Institute of Health Research and Development Indonesia); V. D. Thiem (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Vietnam); A. Naheed (International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh). GenBank accession numbers: EF070864 to EF070980."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1134933","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T04:17:54Z","timestamp":1704860274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1134933"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,24]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5803","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1134933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1134933","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,24]]}}}