{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:51:24Z","timestamp":1792461084056,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5819","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A hallmark of mammalian immunity is the heterogeneity of cell fate that exists among pathogen-experienced lymphocytes. We show that a dividing T lymphocyte initially responding to a microbe exhibits unequal partitioning of proteins that mediate signaling, cell fate specification, and asymmetric cell division. Asymmetric segregation of determinants appears to be coordinated by prolonged interaction between the T cell and its antigen-presenting cell before division. Additionally, the first two daughter T cells displayed phenotypic and functional indicators of being differentially fated toward effector and memory lineages. These results suggest a mechanism by which a single lymphocyte can apportion diverse cell fates necessary for adaptive immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1139393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,1]],"date-time":"2007-03-01T23:17:19Z","timestamp":1172791039000},"page":"1687-1691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":764,"title":["Asymmetric T Lymphocyte Division in the Initiation of Adaptive Immune Responses"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"315","author":[{"given":"John T.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram R.","family":"Palanivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiko","family":"Kinjyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Schambach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Intlekofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnob","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Longworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristine E.","family":"Vinup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Mrass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Oliaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigel","family":"Killeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan S.","family":"Orange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Weninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Reiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immunology Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."},{"name":"Immune Signalling Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria 2002, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/25764"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni951"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.7.4278"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni928"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1134"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041236"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021512"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","unstructured":"Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02916"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02898"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80093-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/341619a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03922"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","unstructured":"S. Amigorena personal communication."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4906(01)02005-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1268"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.11.7515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.2.890"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00451-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI13296"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062589"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200503032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511137103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/87730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80605-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261570598"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501202102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050923"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","unstructured":"We thank M. Birnbaum and E. Williamson for the generous use of and assistance with the confocal microscope; and N. Takemoto J. Northrup A. Pasam K. Pham L. Ng S. Daxini and J. Laverty for assistance and discussion. Supported by NIH grants AI042370 AI053827 and AI061699 and the Abramson Family (S.L.R.); NIH grants CA114114 and AI069380 (W.W.); NIH training grants DK007066 (J.T.C.) AI055428 and GM007170 (V.R.P.) AI007532 (A.M.I) and CA87812 (A.B.); and the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre National Health and Medical Research Council and Australian Research Council (S.M.R.)."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1139393","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T03:00:25Z","timestamp":1704855625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1139393"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,23]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5819","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1139393"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1139393","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.523908","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.536759","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.523717","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.522767","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.536688","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.524830","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.536740","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.530674","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.524091","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.558351","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.524988","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.544364","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.534760","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.532742","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.1069826.524087","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,23]]}}}