{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:31:46Z","timestamp":1792017106672,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5857","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Rather than benefiting wild fish, industrial aquaculture may contribute to declines in ocean fisheries and ecosystems. Farm salmon are commonly infected with salmon lice (\n                    <jats:italic>Lepeophtheirus salmonis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), which are native ectoparasitic copepods. We show that recurrent louse infestations of wild juvenile pink salmon (\n                    <jats:italic>Oncorhynchus gorbuscha<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), all associated with salmon farms, have depressed wild pink salmon populations and placed them on a trajectory toward rapid local extinction. The louse-induced mortality of pink salmon is commonly over 80% and exceeds previous fishing mortality. If outbreaks continue, then local extinction is certain, and a 99% collapse in pink salmon population abundance is expected in four salmon generations. These results suggest that salmon farms can cause parasite outbreaks that erode the capacity of a coastal ecosystem to support wild salmon populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1148744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,13]],"date-time":"2007-12-13T16:43:19Z","timestamp":1197564199000},"page":"1772-1775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":315,"title":["Declining Wild Salmon Populations in Relation to Parasites from Farm Salmon"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"318","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Krkos\u030cek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer S.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subhash","family":"Lele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ransom A.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada."},{"name":"Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada."},{"name":"Salmon Coast Field Station, Simoom Sound, BC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059199"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01610"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35016500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/1540-9295(2005)003[0021:FSFAFF]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f00-209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"689","volume":"272","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. 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Heard in ( 17 ) pp. 119\u2013230.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/17.2.119"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f54-039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2937041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"2404","volume":"56","year":"1999","unstructured":"R. A. Myers, K. G. Bowen, N. J. Barrowman, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.56, 2404 (1999).","journal-title":"Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2006)87[1445:SOEFDD]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/f02-020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","unstructured":"J. C. Pinheiro D. M. Bates Mixed-Effects Models in S and S-PLUS (Springer New York 2004)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","unstructured":"Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1943004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2005.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","unstructured":"We dedicate this paper to our coauthor Ransom Myers who passed away before the completion of this work. We thank J. Volpe J. Reynolds L. Dill M. Wonham B. Connors and A. Gottesfeld for helpful comments; A. Park for assistance in preparing data and figures; and Fisheries and Oceans Canada stock assessment scientists who collected and shared data. Funding came from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada the Canadian Mathematics of Information Technology and Complex Systems National Centre of Excellence Network on Biological Invasions and Dispersal Research (with nonacademic participants including the David Suzuki Foundation Canadian Sablefish Association Wilderness Tourism Association and Finest at Sea) the National Geographic Society Tides Canada a University of Alberta Bill Shostak Wildlife Award the Lenfest Ocean Program Census of Marine Life and a Canada Research Chair."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1148744","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T02:50:31Z","timestamp":1704855031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1148744"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5857","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1148744"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1148744","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,14]]}}}