{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:25:30Z","timestamp":1791213930085,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5958","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,4]]},"abstract":"Metamorphosis Receptor Identified<\/jats:title>\n \n One of the challenges facing many multicellular organisms is when to change from the juvenile stage to the reproductively mature adult. In insects, this metamorphosis is activated by the brain-derived neuropeptide, prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), when larvae reach a characteristic weight. Almost a century after this brain hormone was discovered,\n \n Rewitz\n et al.<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:bold>\n (p.\n 1403<\/jats:related-article>\n ) have identified the PTTH receptor and its signaling cascade. The PTTH receptor is Torso (a receptor tyrosine kinase that signals through Ras\/Raf\/Erk), which patterns the embryonic termini during early development in response to the distantly related PTTH factor, Trunk.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]],"date-time":"2009-12-03T19:15:50Z","timestamp":1259867750000},"page":"1403-1405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":329,"title":["The Insect Neuropeptide PTTH Activates Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Torso to Initiate Metamorphosis"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"326","author":[{"given":"Kim F.","family":"Rewitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA."},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence I.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA."},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1119432"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2008.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2007.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20552"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2315701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. 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