{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:18:21Z","timestamp":1792271901859,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5939","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\u201cSwine Flu\u201d Pathology<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The clinical spectrum of disease caused by the swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza virus and its transmissibility are not completely understood.\n            <jats:bold>\n              Munster\n              <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" page=\"481\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"325\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1177127\">481<\/jats:related-article>\n            ; published online 2 July) and\n            <jats:bold>\n              Maines\n              <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" page=\"484\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"325\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1177238\">484<\/jats:related-article>\n            ; published online 2 July) used ferrets, an established model for human influenza, to evaluate the pathogenesis and transmissibility of a selection of 2009 A(H1N1) virus isolates compared with representative seasonal H1N1 viruses. The results help explain the atypical symptoms seen so far, including the gastrointestinal distress and vomiting observed in many patients. Although results were variable, it seems that the 2009 A(H1N1) virus may be less efficiently transmitted by respiratory droplets in comparison to the highly transmissible seasonal H1N1 virus, suggesting that additional virus adaptation in mammals may be required before we see phenotypes observed in earlier pandemics.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1177127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,7]],"date-time":"2009-07-07T22:42:40Z","timestamp":1247006560000},"page":"481-483","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":502,"title":["Pathogenesis and Transmission of Swine-Origin 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Virus in Ferrets"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"325","author":[{"given":"Vincent J.","family":"Munster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmie","family":"de Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith M. A.","family":"van den Brand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sander","family":"Herfst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eefje J. A.","family":"Schrauwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo M.","family":"Bestebroer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"van de Vijver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Koopmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."},{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720BA Bilthoven, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guus F.","family":"Rimmelzwaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thijs","family":"Kuiken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert D. M. E.","family":"Osterhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron A. M.","family":"Fouchier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center and Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1176062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903810","volume":"360","author":"Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A. V. I. T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A. V. I. T., N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 2605 (2009).2605","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. 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