{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:16:10Z","timestamp":1792653370132,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6010","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Fragile Tin Oxide Electrodes<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            While tin oxide has a high energy density, and would thus make an attractive anode material for a Li-ion battery, it undergoes significant volume changes when Li is intercalated. The large strains cause cracking, pulverization, and a resultant loss of electrical conduction.\n            <jats:bold>\n              Huang\n              <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" page=\"1515\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"330\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1195628\">1515<\/jats:related-article>\n            ; see the Perspective by\n            <jats:bold>\n              <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6010\" page=\"1485\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"330\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.1198591\">Chiang<\/jats:related-article>\n            <\/jats:bold>\n            ) used in situ transmission electron microscopy on a single tin oxide nanowire to identify the physical changes that occur during intercalation and observed a moving cloud of dislocations that separated the reacted and unreacted sections. Upon completion of the electrochemical charging, the nanowire showed up to 90% elongation and a 35% increase in diameter.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1195628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,9]],"date-time":"2010-12-09T19:25:22Z","timestamp":1291922722000},"page":"1515-1520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1540,"title":["In Situ Observation of the Electrochemical Lithiation of a Single SnO\n            <sub>2<\/sub>\n            Nanowire Electrode"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"330","author":[{"given":"Jian Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chong Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, 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