{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:17:39Z","timestamp":1785305859518,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6213","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Supermassive black holes with masses of millions to billions of solar masses are commonly found in the centers of galaxies. Astronomers seek to image jet formation using radio interferometry but still suffer from insufficient angular resolution. An alternative method to resolve small structures is to measure the time variability of their emission. Here we report on gamma-ray observations of the radio galaxy IC 310 obtained with the MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes, revealing variability with doubling time scales faster than 4.8 min. Causality constrains the size of the emission region to be smaller than 20% of the gravitational radius of its central black hole. We suggest that the emission is associated with pulsar-like particle acceleration by the electric field across a magnetospheric gap at the base of the radio jet.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1256183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T08:22:03Z","timestamp":1415348523000},"page":"1080-1084","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":148,"title":["Black hole lightning due to particle acceleration at subhorizon scales"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"346","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Aleksi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de F\u00edsica d\u2019Altes Energies, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ansoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 di Udine and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy, and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INAF National Institute for Astrophysics, I-00136 Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Antoranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 di Siena and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Babic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Croatian MAGIC Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, University of Rijeka and University of Split, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Bangale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Physik, D-80805 M\u00fcnchen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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