{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T01:08:25Z","timestamp":1782522505241,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6215","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pollinators are fundamental to maintaining both biodiversity and agricultural productivity, but habitat destruction, loss of flower resources, and increased use of pesticides are causing declines in their abundance and diversity. Using historical records, we assessed the rate of extinction of bee and flower-visiting wasp species in Britain from the mid-19th century to the present. The most rapid phase of extinction appears to be related to changes in agricultural policy and practice beginning in the 1920s, before the agricultural intensification prompted by the Second World War, often cited as the most important driver of biodiversity loss in Britain. Slowing of the extinction rate from the 1960s onward may be due to prior loss of the most sensitive species and\/or effective conservation programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1257259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,11]],"date-time":"2014-12-11T19:10:03Z","timestamp":1418325003000},"page":"1360-1362","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":369,"title":["Extinctions of aculeate pollinators in Britain and the role of large-scale agricultural changes"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"346","author":[{"given":"Jeff","family":"Ollerton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Avenue Campus, Northampton NN2 6JD, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilary","family":"Erenler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Avenue Campus, Northampton NN2 6JD, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lea-Side, Carron Lane, Midhurst GU29 9LB, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Crockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Avenue Campus, Northampton NN2 6JD, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0706.2010.18644.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2010.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2011.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127863"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2006.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2014.0558"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1218503110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/120321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"60","article-title":"Output and technical change in twentieth-century British agriculture","volume":"48","author":"Brassley P.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brassley P., Output and technical change in twentieth-century British agriculture. Agric. Hist. Rev. 48, 60\u201384 (2000).","journal-title":"Agric. Hist. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2009.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. Smil Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber Carl Bosch and the Transformation of World Food Production (The MIT Press Cambridge MA 2001).","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2767.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2664.2002.00695.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.1996.10030892.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2010.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(99)00070-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1095046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.305.5690.1563b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","first-page":"129","article-title":"Bombus hypnorum (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a new British bumblebee?","volume":"14","author":"Goulson D.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goulson D., Williams P. H., Bombus hypnorum (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a new British bumblebee? British J. Ent. Nat. Hist. 14, 129\u2013131 (2001).","journal-title":"British J. Ent. Nat. Hist."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","unstructured":"Bees Wasps and Ants Recording Society species accounts: Colletes hederae Schmidt and Westrich 1993; www.bwars.com\/index.php?q=bee\/colletidae\/colletes-hederae (2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1545"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Segmented: An R package to fit regression models with broken-line relationships","volume":"8","author":"Muggeo V. M. R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Muggeo V. M. R., Segmented: An R package to fit regression models with broken-line relationships. R News 8, 20\u201325 (2008).","journal-title":"R News"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/003465397557132"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.1257259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T21:03:46Z","timestamp":1704920626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.1257259"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6215","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.1257259"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1257259","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,12]]}}}