{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:45:24Z","timestamp":1790329524266,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"3666","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Auditory perceptions produced in a person deaf to acoustic stimulation were studied by electrically exciting the auditory nerve through permanently implanted electrodes. Pulsed current as small as 1 microampere peak-to-peak could be perceived. Pitch, as reported by the subject, varied with electrode selection, current amplitude, and pulse repetition rate from about 70 to at least 300 pulses per second. Loudness increased with amplitude and duration of pulse stimuli, and to a lesser extent with repetition rate. The total range in amplitude of the stimulus, from threshold to an uncomfortable loudness, was 15 to 20 decibels. Simultaneous stimulation in separate electrodes produced a number of complex effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.148.3666.104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T10:04:55Z","timestamp":1160042695000},"page":"104-106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":94,"title":["Auditory Nerve: Electrical Stimulation in Man"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"F. Blair","family":"Simmons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Epley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Lummis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Newman","family":"Guttman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence S.","family":"Frishkopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon D.","family":"Harmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., Murray Hill, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eberhard","family":"Zwicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"618","volume":"25","year":"1938","unstructured":"ANDREEF, A.M., J PHYSL USSR 25: 618 (1938).","journal-title":"J PHYSL USSR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1935.113.2.476"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1417","volume":"31","year":"1957","unstructured":"Djourno, A., La Presse M\u00e9dicale 31: 1417 (1957).","journal-title":"La Presse M\u00e9dicale"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"148","volume":"28","year":"1963","unstructured":"DOYLE, J. B., BULLETIN OF THE LOS ANGELES NEUROLOGICAL SOCIETY 28: 148 (1963).","journal-title":"BULLETIN OF THE LOS ANGELES NEUROLOGICAL SOCIETY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1907724","volume":"31","year":"1959","unstructured":"GOLDSTEIN, M.H., RESPONSES OF THE AUDITORY CORTEX TO REPETITIVE ACOUSTIC STIMULI, JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 31: 356 (1959).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1918677","volume":"35","year":"1963","unstructured":"HARRIS, G.G., PERIODICITY PERCEPTION BY USING GATED NOISE, JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 35: 1229 (1963).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1916103","volume":"12","year":"1940","unstructured":"JONES, R.C., Three mechanisms of hearing by electrical stimulation, JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 12: 281 (1940).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1937.120.2.304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1906360","volume":"20","year":"1948","unstructured":"MILLER, G.A., THE PERCEPTION OF REPEATED BURSTS OF NOISE, JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 20: 171 (1948).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1964.27.6.1174"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1918169","volume":"34","year":"1962","unstructured":"PEAKE, W.T., RESPONSES OF AUDITORY NERVE TO REPETITIVE ACOUSTIC STIMULI, JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 34: 562 (1962).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1963.26.3.449","volume":"26","year":"1963","unstructured":"RUPERT, A, UNIT RESPONSES TO SOUND FROM AUDITORY NERVE OF CAT, JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 26: 449 (1963).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.79.6.559","volume":"79","year":"1964","unstructured":"SIMMONS, F.B., ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY 79: 559 (1964).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1964.27.5.814","volume":"27","year":"1964","unstructured":"TSUCHITANI, C, WAVE ACTIVITY IN SUPERIOR OLIVARY COMPLEX OF CAT, JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 27: 814 (1964).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Wever E. G. Theory of Hearing (1949)."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.148.3666.104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T04:36:34Z","timestamp":1736570194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.148.3666.104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1965,4,2]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3666","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,4,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.148.3666.104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.148.3666.104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1965,4,2]]}}}