{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T21:29:57Z","timestamp":1771622997452,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"3986","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1971,5,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The olfactory nerve of the garfish,\n            <jats:italic>Lepisosteus<\/jats:italic>\n            , is about 1 millimeter in diameter and about 20 centimeters long, depending on the size of the fish; it is easily prepared by breaking off successive scored segments of the rostrum. It consists of a relatively homogeneous population of about 10\n            <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n            nonmyelineated nerve fibers, each about 0.24 micrometer in diameter. In most other nerves each fiber is separated from all others by an enfolding Schwann cell, but in the olfactory nerve the fibers are directly in contact with one another in groups of several hundred fibers. The Schwann cell, not directly concerned with propagation of the nerve impulse, forms a thin layer at the periphery of the group and makes up a small proportion of the total cellular material. The volume of axon cytoplasm is about five times greater than that of Schwann cell cytoplasm, and the axon surface is about 30 times the Schwann cell surface. The ratio of surface to volume for axons of a typical olfactory nerve is about 5400 times that for the squid axon of the same diameter. The large proportion of axonal membrane recommends this nerve for use in chemical and physical studies of properties of axon membranes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.172.3986.952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T13:17:43Z","timestamp":1160054263000},"page":"952-955","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Garfish Olfactory Nerve: Easily Accessible Source of Numerous Long, Homogeneous, Nonmyelinated Axons"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"172","author":[{"given":"Dexter M.","family":"Easton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biophysics and Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"795","volume":"29","year":"1970","unstructured":"ABBOTT, B.C., FEDERATION PROCEEDINGS 29: 795 (1970).","journal-title":"FEDERATION PROCEEDINGS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"41","volume":"58","year":"1969","unstructured":"BERGER, B, EXPERIENTIA 58: 41 (1969).","journal-title":"EXPERIENTIA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Bullock T. 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MEMBRANES IONS IMPUL (1968)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.3.6.839","volume":"3","year":"1957","unstructured":"DELORENZO, A.J., ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF THE OLFACTORY MUCOSA AND OLFACTORY NERVE, JOURNAL OF BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CYTOLOGY 3: 839 (1957).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF BIOPHYSICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CYTOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1966.29.4.665","volume":"29","year":"1966","unstructured":"DOVING, K.B., AN ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF EFFERENT OLFACTORY SYSTEM IN BURBOT, JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY 29: 665 (1966).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1965.030.01.006","volume":"30","year":"1965","unstructured":"EASTON, D.M., IMPULSES AT ARTIFACTUAL NERVE END, COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 30: 15 (1965).","journal-title":"COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.33.6.651","volume":"33","year":"1950","unstructured":"GASSER, H.S., UNMEDULLATED FIBERS ORIGINATING IN DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA, JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY 33: 651 (1950).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.39.4.473","volume":"39","year":"1956","unstructured":"GRASSER, H.S., J GEN PHYSIOL 39: 473 (1956).","journal-title":"J GEN PHYSIOL"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1965.sp007666","volume":"179","year":"1965","unstructured":"KEYNES, R.D., MOVEMENTS OF LABELLED IONS IN MAMMALIAN NON-MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES, JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 179: 333 (1965).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"LIGHT R J NEUROCHEM 14 (1967).","DOI":"10.1039\/df9674400014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"363","year":"1965","unstructured":"NUNNEMACHER, R.F., P INT S FUNCTIONAL O: 363 (1965).","journal-title":"P INT S FUNCTIONAL O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"380","year":"1968","unstructured":"SHANTA, R.R., STRUCTURE FUNCTION N: 380 (1968).","journal-title":"STRUCTURE FUNCTION N"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.4.1.39","volume":"4","year":"1969","unstructured":"STEINBRECHT, R.A., ON QUESTION OF NERVOUS SYNCYTIA - LACK OF AXON FUSION IN 2 INSECT SENSORY NERVES, JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE 4: 39 (1969).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"1362","volume":"64","year":"1969","unstructured":"TASAKI, I, TRANSIENT CHANGES IN EXTRINSIC FLUORESCENCE OF NERVE PRODUCED BY ELECTRIC STIMULATION, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 64: 1362 (1969).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"1024","volume":"52","year":"1964","unstructured":"WEISS, P, DYNAMICS OF MEMBRANE-BOUND INCOMPRESSIBLE BODY - MECHANISM OF CELLULAR + SUBCELLULAR MOTILITY, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 52: 1024 (1964).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Hulton J. 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