{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T20:05:32Z","timestamp":1766347532997},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5371","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The efficacy of a behavioral intervention to reduce human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors was tested in a randomized, controlled trial with three high-risk populations at 37 clinics from seven sites across the United States. Compared with the 1855 individuals in the control condition, the 1851 participants assigned to a small-group, seven-session HIV risk reduction program reported fewer unprotected sexual acts, had higher levels of condom use, and were more likely to use condoms consistently over a 12-month follow-up period. On the basis of clinical record review, no difference in overall sexually transmitted disease (STD) reinfection rate was found between intervention and control condition participants. However, among men recruited from STD clinics, those assigned to the intervention condition had a gonorrhea incidence rate one-half that of those in the control condition. Intervention condition participants also reported fewer STD symptoms over the 12-month follow-up period. Study outcomes suggest that behavioral interventions can reduce HIV-related sexual risk behavior among low-income women and men served in public health settings. Studies that test strategies for reducing sexual risk behavior over longer periods of time are needed, especially with populations that remain most vulnerable to HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:37:56Z","timestamp":1027762676000},"page":"1889-1894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":240,"title":["The NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial: Reducing HIV Sexual Risk Behavior"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"280","author":[{"name":"The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Multisite HIV Prevention Trial Group*","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"H. D. Gayle Epidemiology of HIV infection and AIDS: National and international perspective in Interventions to Prevent HIV Risk Behaviors: Programs and Abstracts of an NIH Consensus Development Conference (Office of the Director National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 1997) pp. 23\u201329."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Fishbein and R. Coutinho Eds. NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial AIDS 11 (suppl. 2) (December 1997).","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199702001-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199219020-00001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"D. A. Murphy M. J. Rotheram-Borus S. Srinivasa W. K. Hunt AIDS Behav. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"AIDS: Changing the Rules a videotape available in English and Spanish was used for the control intervention. Copyright: AIDSFilms. Distributed by Select Media 60 Warren Street 5th Floor New York NY 10007."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"P. J. Diggle K.-Y. Liang S. L. Zeger Analysis of Longitudinal Data (Oxford Univ. Press New York 1994)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Community Intervention Trial for Smoking Cessation (COMMIT) Am. J. Public Health 85 183 (1995).","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.2.183"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","unstructured":"Over 80% of both the intervention and control participants reported having been tested for HIV before the baseline assessment. About 43.5% of those tested did not report the result of the test either because they never returned for the result or because they refused to reveal the result. Of those reporting their HIV test result 43 of 867 intervention participants and 53 of 861 control participants reported being HIV positive. Responses for the follow-up period do not cover the entire follow-up period as participants were only asked whether they had been tested during the 90 days before each interview and again many participants refused to provide test results. Thus reliable seroconversion data are not available."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","unstructured":"For additional data see http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/feature\/data\/976101.shl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"T. R. Eng and W. T. Butler Eds. The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases (National Academy Press Washington DC 1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"E. W. Hook III and H. H. Handsfield in Sexually Transmitted Disease K. K. Holmes P.-A. Mardh P. F. Sparling P. J. Wiesner Eds. (McGraw-Hill New York ed. 2 1990) pp. 149\u2013165."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","unstructured":"CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 42 (no. RR-14) 56 (1993)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199408113310601"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","first-page":"1043","volume":"6","author":"Chang Y.","year":"1993","unstructured":"N. S. Padian, T. R. O'Brient, Chang Y., Glass S., Francis D. P., J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. 6, 1043 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530260036028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","unstructured":"H. G. Miller C. F. Turner L. E. Moses in AIDS: The Second Decade (National Academy Press Washington DC 1990) pp. 359\u2013472."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","unstructured":"Consensus Development Panel Consensus Development Panel Report on HIV Prevention. (National Institutes of Health Washington DC 1997)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"133","volume":"110","author":"Holtgrave D. R.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Holtgrave D. R., et al., Public Health Rep.110, 133 (1995).","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","unstructured":"The NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial Group (listed in alphabetical order within each group). Research Steering Committee [Site Principal Investigators (PI) and NIMH Staff Collaborator] : David D. Celentano Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD; Colleen DiIorio Emory University Atlanta GA; Tyler Hartwell Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC; Jeffrey Kelly Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee; Raul Magana University of California Irvine; Edward Maibach formerly PI at Emory University Atlanta GA; Ann O'Leary Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ; Willo Pequegnat National Institute of Mental Health Rockville MD; Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus University of California Los Angeles; Robert Schilling Columbia University New York NY. Collaborating Scientists\u2013Co-Principal Investigators : Jaime Amsel formerly at University of California Irvine; Nabila El-Bassel Columbia University New York NY; Joao B. Ferreira-Pinto formerly at University of California Irvine; Alice Gleghorn formerly at Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD; Andre Ivanoff Columbia University New York; John Barton Jemmott III Princeton University Princeton NJ; Loretta Sweet Jemmott University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA; Rebecca Martin Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD; Sutherland Miller consultant University of California Los Angeles; Debra Murphy University of California Los Angeles; Marcella Raffaelli formerly at Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ; Anne M. Rompalo Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD; William Schlenger Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC; Kathleen Sikkema Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee; Anton Somlai Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee. Site Managers : Kevin Alford Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD; Carlos Allende-Ramos Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ; Kristin Hackl Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee; Mark Kuklinsky University of California Los Angeles; Esther Lopez University of California Irvine; Patricia Nava University of California Irvine; Michelle Parra University of California Los Angeles; Jennifer Pranke Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ; Helen Reid University of California Los Angeles; Jennifer Sharpe-Potter Emory University Atlanta GA; Susan Witte Columbia University New York NY; Yvette Villasenor University of California Irvine. Data Coordinating Center : Nellie Hansen Lisa LaVange Deborah McFadden Rebecca Perritt W. Kenneth Poole Research Triangle Institute Research Triangle Park NC. Core Laboratory : Charlotte Gaydos and Thomas C. Quinn Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD. Research Support Office : Leonard Mitnick Sherry Roberts Ellen Stover National Institute of Mental Health Rockville MD. Data Safety and Monitoring Board : Alan S. Bellack University of Maryland College Park; Thomas Coates University of California at San Francisco; William D. Crano University of Arizona Tucson; David Francis University of Houston Houston TX; Sylvan B. Green National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD; Karla Moras University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T05:09:34Z","timestamp":1705122574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,19]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5371","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.280.5371.1889","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,19]]}}}