{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:40:19Z","timestamp":1791229219878,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5469","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Spectroscopy of Io's Pele plume against Jupiter by the Hubble Space Telescope in October 1999 revealed absorption due to S\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            gas, with a column density of 1.0 \u00b1 0.2 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>16<\/jats:sup>\n            per square centimeter, and probably also SO\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            gas with a column density of 7 \u00b1 3 \u00d7 10\n            <jats:sup>16<\/jats:sup>\n            per square centimeter. This SO\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            \/S\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            ratio (3 to 12) is expected from equilibration with silicate magmas near the quartz-fayalite-magnetite or wu\u0308stite-magnetite buffers. Condensed S\n            <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n            and S\n            <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n            , probable coloring agents in Pele's red plume deposits, may form by polymerization of the S\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            , which is unstable to ultraviolet photolysis. Diffuse red deposits near other Io volcanoes suggest that venting and polymerization of S\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            gas is a widespread feature of Io volcanism.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5469.1208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:40:21Z","timestamp":1027762821000},"page":"1208-1210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":191,"title":["Discovery of Gaseous S\n            <sub>2<\/sub>\n            in Io's Pele Plume"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"288","author":[{"given":"John R.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lowell Observatory, 1400 West Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kandis Lea","family":"Jessup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Space Research Laboratory, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa A.","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilda E.","family":"Ballester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Space Research Laboratory, 2455 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Yelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff AZ 86011, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JA086iA10p08593"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1998.5972"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/97GL02592"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","unstructured":"Includes the 33 min of light-travel time from Jupiter to Earth."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/JA086iA10p08621"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","unstructured":"A. S. McEwen personal communication."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","unstructured":"A blank model disk of Io's known radius was convolved with a two-dimensional Gaussian function and fitted to the continuum image with disk location brightness and Gaussian width as free parameters."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/96JD00225"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1999.6228"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","unstructured":"S 2 models were calculated at high spectral resolution by using energy-level constants for the ground electronic state (30) for the B state (31 32) and spin-spin and spin-orbit constants (33). Honl-London factors are calculated for intermediate coupling between Hund's case a and b (34). Vibrational transition probabilities are from S. R. Langhoff and H. Partridge (personal communication). We assume a predissociation lifetime of 52 ps for transitions terminating on levels v \u2032 = 8 j \u2032 > 57 v \u2032 = 9 j \u2032 > 34 v \u2032 > 9. SO 2 modeling shortward of 2320 \u00c5 used the formulation of Ballester et al. (13) with improved modeling of temperature dependence based on new high-resolution measurements of SO 2 absorption cross section (35). At longer wavelengths low-resolution SO 2 cross-section data (36) were used."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/280755a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(92)90095-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1994.1129"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","unstructured":"M. A. McGrath M. J. S. Belton J. R. Spencer Icarus in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","unstructured":"M. F. A'Hearn"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/184158"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","unstructured":"M. F. A'Hearn et al. Bull. Am. Astron. Soc. 31 1124 (1999)."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. S. Noll et al. Science 267 1307 (1997).","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7871428"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(83)90075-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1999.6164"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","unstructured":"___ Lunar Planet Sci. XXXI abstract 2098 (2000) [CD-ROM]."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5373.87"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","first-page":"1462","author":"Davies A. G.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Davies A. G., et al., Lunar Planet Sci. XXX, 1462 (1999).","journal-title":"Lunar Planet Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_3","unstructured":"[CD-ROM]."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","unstructured":"A. S. McEwen et al. paper presented at the American Geophysical Union fall meeting San Francisco 17 December 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1996.0125"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1996.5670"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/icar.1999.6128"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(88)90053-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","unstructured":"S. Dout\u00e9 et al. Icarus in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-1035(88)90157-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.442328"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. P. Huber and G. Herzberg Constants of Organic Molecules (Van Nostrand Reinhold New York 1979).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-0961-2_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.19.003113"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/p73-277"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/p71-325"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/1999JE001022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4073(93)90077-U"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","unstructured":"We thank A. Deet and C. Henry for help with data analysis and A. McEwen M. A'Hearn D. Schleicher I. Dashevsky and J. Moses for valuable discussions. These observations were part of the HST\/Galileo Io Campaign and we thank campaign principal investigator F. Bagenal N. Schneider the rest of the campaign team and the Space Telescope Science Institute for their invaluable help in bringing this work to fruition."}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.288.5469.1208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T10:08:01Z","timestamp":1705140481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.288.5469.1208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,19]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5469","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,19]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.288.5469.1208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.288.5469.1208","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,19]]}}}