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Regional differences in antibody positivity were observed, indicating widely distributed loci of occurrence of HTLV on the African continent in people of both black and white ancestry. Two patients with high titers of antibody to HTLV-I had some signs of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. In several groups a high frequency of false positive serum reactions was indicated when specific confirmation steps were included in the assay. Further characterization of these sera revealed highly elevated immunoglobulin levels, possibly due to polyclonal activation of immunoglobulin synthesis in these subjects. The possibility that related cross-reactive human retroviruses coexist in the same groups was not eliminated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6089348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T19:41:59Z","timestamp":1160077319000},"page":"1473-1476","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":166,"title":["Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus (HTLV-I) Antibodies in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"225","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Saxinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20205"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. A.","family":"Blattner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20205"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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