{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T20:02:31Z","timestamp":1768075351919,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"4340","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1978,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In postmortem examination of brains of four patients with chronic paranoid schizophrenia, above-normal norepinephrine levels were measured in the ventral septum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the nucleus accumbens, and the mammillary bodies. No changes were detected in other limbic forebrain regions, including the hypothalamus and the medial olfactory (preoptic) area. The results point to the possibility of a malfunction of limbic noradrenergic mechanisms in schizophrenia, especially the paranoid variety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.644310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T16:35:25Z","timestamp":1160066125000},"page":"456-458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":237,"title":["Norepinephrine in Chronic Paranoid Schizophrenia: Above-Normal Levels in Limbic Forebrain"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"200","author":[{"given":"Irene J.","family":"Farley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada M5T 1R8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen S.","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada M5T 1R8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"McCullough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada M5T 1R8"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John H. N.","family":"Deck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Hordynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Mary's Hospital, Orange, New Jersey 07055"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleh","family":"Hornykiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, and Institute of Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1966.tb03318.x","volume":"67","year":"1966","unstructured":"ANDEN, N.E., ASCENDING MONOAMINE NEURONS TO TELENCEPHALON AND DIENCEPHALON, ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 67: 313 (1966).","journal-title":"ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(70)90006-3","volume":"11","year":"1970","unstructured":"ANDEN, N.E., RECEPTOR ACTIVITY AND TURNOVER OF DOPAMINE AND NORADRENALINE AFTER NEUROLEPTICS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 11: 303 (1970).","journal-title":"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(64)90196-1","volume":"3","year":"1964","unstructured":"ANDEN, N.E., EFFECTS OF CHLORPROMAZINE, HALOPERIDOL AND RESERPINE ON THE LEVELS OF PHENOLIC ACIDS IN RABBIT CORPUS STRIATUM, LIFE SCIENCES 3: 149 (1964).","journal-title":"LIFE SCIENCES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.841304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00420105","volume":"251","year":"1965","unstructured":"BERNHEIMER, H, NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIV FUR EXPERIMENTELLE PATHOLOGIE UND PHARMAKOLOGIE 251: 135 (1965).","journal-title":"NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIV FUR EXPERIMENTELLE PATHOLOGIE UND PHARMAKOLOGIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"750","volume":"22","year":"1941","unstructured":"BIRKHAUSER, H, SCHWEIZERISCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 22: 750 (1941).","journal-title":"SCHWEIZERISCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(76)90043-1","volume":"37","year":"1976","unstructured":"BLUMBERG, J.B., NORADRENERGIC CYCLIC-AMP GENERATING SYSTEM IN LIMBIC FOREBRAIN - PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION INVITRO AND POSSIBLE ROLE OF LIMBIC NORADRENERGIC MECHANISMS IN MODE OF ACTION OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 37: 357 (1976).","journal-title":"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"4655","volume":"72","year":"1975","unstructured":"BURT, D.R., DOPAMINE RECEPTOR-BINDING IN CORPUS STRIATUM OF MAMMALIAN BRAIN, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 72: 4655 (1975).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1975.01760260120010","volume":"32","year":"1975","unstructured":"CARENZI, A, DOPAMINE-SENSITIVE ADENYLYL CYCLASE IN HUMAN CAUDATE-NUCLEUS - STUDY IN CONTROL SUBJECTS AND SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS, ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY 32: 1056 (1975).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"40","volume":"20","year":"1963","unstructured":"CARLSSON, A, ACTA PHARMACOL TOX 20: 40 (1963).","journal-title":"ACTA PHARMACOL TOX"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"57","year":"1975","unstructured":"Carlsson, A, Catecholamines and Schizophrenia: 57 (1975).","journal-title":"Catecholamines and Schizophrenia"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01249444","volume":"38","year":"1976","unstructured":"CARLSSON, A, INFLUENCE OF AGE AND TIME INTERVAL BETWEEN DEATH AND AUTOPSY ON DOPAMINE AND 3-METHOXYTYRAMINE LEVELS IN HUMAN BASAL GANGLIA, JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION 38: 271 (1976).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"1113","volume":"71","year":"1974","unstructured":"CLEMENTCORMIER, Y.C., DOPAMINE-SENSITIVE ADENYLATE CYCLASE IN MAMMALIAN BRAIN - POSSIBLE SITE OF ACTION OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 71: 1113 (1974).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"CONNELL P.H. AMPHETAMINE PSYCHOSI (1958)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"305","volume":"92","year":"1953","unstructured":"COURVOISIER, S, ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE 92: 305 (1953).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1973.tb04225.x","volume":"21","year":"1973","unstructured":"COYLE, J.T., CATECHOLAMINES IN FETAL AND NEWBORN RAT-BRAIN, JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY 21: 61 (1973).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"507","volume":"239","year":"1960","unstructured":"EHRINGER, H, NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIV FUR EXPERIMENTELLE PATHOLOGIE UND PHARMAKOLOGIE 239: 507 (1960).","journal-title":"NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIV FUR EXPERIMENTELLE PATHOLOGIE UND PHARMAKOLOGIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"57","volume":"16","year":"1977","unstructured":"FARLEY, I.J., ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 16: 57 (1977).","journal-title":"ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"178","year":"1976","unstructured":"FARLEY, I.J., ADV PARKINSONISM: 178 (1976).","journal-title":"ADV PARKINSONISM"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90214-1","volume":"126","year":"1977","unstructured":"FARLEY, I.J., NORADRENALINE DISTRIBUTION IN SUBCORTICAL AREAS OF HUMAN-BRAIN, BRAIN RESEARCH 126: 53 (1977).","journal-title":"BRAIN RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"FARLEY I.J. UNPUBLISHED."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"18","volume":"133","year":"1961","unstructured":"GEY, K.F., INFLUENCE OF CHLORPROMAZINE AND CHLORPROTHIXENE ON CEREBRAL METABOLISM OF 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE, NOREPINEPHRINE AND DOPAMINE, JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS 133: 18 (1961).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00427464","volume":"49","year":"1976","unstructured":"HARTMANN, E, SCHIZOPHRENIA - THEORY, PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 49: 1 (1976).","journal-title":"PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.184.4133.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(73)90054-X","volume":"23","year":"1973","unstructured":"KELLER, H.H., INCREASE OF 3-METHOXY-4-HYDROXYPHENYLETHYLENE GLYCOL IN RAT-BRAIN BY NEUROLEPTIC DRUGS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 23: 183 (1973).","journal-title":"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.129.3362.1528"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"233","volume":"4","year":"1972","unstructured":"KETY, S.S., TOWARD HYPOTHESES FOR A BIOCHEMICAL COMPONENT IN VULNERABILITY TO SCHIZOPHRENIA, SEMINARS IN PSYCHIATRY 4: 233 (1972).","journal-title":"SEMINARS IN PSYCHIATRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"26","year":"1975","unstructured":"KORNETSKY, C, MODEL SYSTEMS BIOL P: 26 (1975).","journal-title":"MODEL SYSTEMS BIOL P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1965.tb01632.x","volume":"24","year":"1965","unstructured":"LAVERTY, R, MODIFICATION BY DRUGS OF METABOLISM OF 3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLETHYLAMINE NORADRENALINE AND 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE IN BRAIN, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY 24: 759 (1965).","journal-title":"BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90947-0","volume":"81","year":"1974","unstructured":"LINDVALL, D, BRAIN RES 81: 325 (1974).","journal-title":"BRAIN RES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"387","volume":"11","year":"1974","unstructured":"LLOYD, K.G., ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 11: 387 (1974).","journal-title":"ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","unstructured":"Matthysse S. M. Catecholamines and Schizophrenia (1975)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"733","year":"1974","unstructured":"Matthysse, S. M., The Neurosciences, Third Study Program: 733 (1974).","journal-title":"The Neurosciences, Third Study Program"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"129","year":"1970","unstructured":"MCLEAN, P.D., PHYSL CORRELATES EMO: 129 (1970).","journal-title":"PHYSL CORRELATES EMO"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"757","volume":"10","year":"1974","unstructured":"MILLER, R.J., MOL PHARM 10: 757 (1974).","journal-title":"MOL PHARM"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(71)90009-6","volume":"30","year":"1971","unstructured":"MOORE, R.Y., ANATOMICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF A NIGRO-NEOSTRIATAL PROJECTION IN CAT, BRAIN RESEARCH 30: 119 (1971).","journal-title":"BRAIN RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(71)90303-9","volume":"33","year":"1971","unstructured":"MOORE, R.Y., PLASTIC CHANGES IN ADRENERGIC INNERVATION OF RAT SEPTAL AREA IN RESPONSE TO DENERVATION, BRAIN RESEARCH 33: 13 (1971).","journal-title":"BRAIN RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","first-page":"472","year":"1972","unstructured":"MURPHY, D.L., NEUROTRANSMITTERS: 472 (1972).","journal-title":"NEUROTRANSMITTERS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(70)90273-6","volume":"10","year":"1970","unstructured":"NYBACK, H, FURTHER STUDIES ON ACCUMULATION AND DISAPPEARANCE OF CATECHOLAMINES FORMED FROM TYROSINE-C-14 IN MOUSE BRAIN - EFFECT OF SOME PHENOTHIAZINE ANALOGUES, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 10: 193 (1970).","journal-title":"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(74)90810-5","volume":"77","year":"1974","unstructured":"PALKOVITS, M, NOREPINEPHRINE AND DOPAMINE CONTENT OF HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEI OF RAT, BRAIN RESEARCH 77: 137 (1974).","journal-title":"BRAIN RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1937.02260220069003","volume":"38","year":"1937","unstructured":"PAPEZ, J.W., A proposed mechanism of emotion, ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY 38: 725 (1937).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1972.01750250021002","volume":"27","year":"1972","unstructured":"POLLIN, W, PATHOGENESIS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA - POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GENETIC, BIOCHEMICAL, AND EXPERIENTIAL FACTORS, ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY 27: 29 (1972).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(69)90029-8","volume":"14","year":"1969","unstructured":"RAISMAN, G, NEURONAL PLASTICITY IN SEPTAL NUCLEI OF ADULT RAT, BRAIN RESEARCH 14: 25 (1969).","journal-title":"BRAIN RESEARCH"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"468","volume":"10","year":"1972","unstructured":"ROBERTS, E, NEUROSCIENCES RESEARCH PROGRAM BULLETIN 10: 468 (1972).","journal-title":"NEUROSCIENCES RESEARCH PROGRAM BULLETIN"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"4376","volume":"72","year":"1975","unstructured":"SEEMAN, P, BRAIN RECEPTORS FOR ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS AND DOPAMINE - DIRECT BINDING ASSAYS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 72: 4376 (1975).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"4354","volume":"73","year":"1976","unstructured":"SEEMAN, P, DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN HUMAN AND CALF BRAINS, USING [3H]APOMORPHINE AND AN ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 73: 4354 (1976).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","first-page":"721","year":"1974","unstructured":"Snyder, S. H., The Neurosciences, Third Study Program: 721 (1974).","journal-title":"The Neurosciences, Third Study Program"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.182.4111.499"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","first-page":"942","volume":"2","year":"1974","unstructured":"TORREY, E.F., SCHIZOPHRENIA AND LIMBIC SYSTEM, LANCET 2: 942 (1974).","journal-title":"LANCET"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","unstructured":"UNGERSTEDT U ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 367 (1971)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab1945.44.1078","volume":"44","year":"1968","unstructured":"UTENA, H, STUDIES ON REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN BRAINS OF SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY 44: 1078 (1968).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","first-page":"492","volume":"160","year":"1966","unstructured":"VANROSSUM, J.M., SIGNIFICANCE OF DOPAMINE-RECEPTOR BLOCKADE FOR MECHANISM OF ACTION OF NEUROLEPTIC DRUGS, ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE 160: 492 (1966).","journal-title":"ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHARMACODYNAMIE ET DE THERAPIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","first-page":"196","volume":"165","year":"1969","unstructured":"VOGEL, W.H., ACTIVITIES OF ENZYMES INVOLVED IN FORMATION AND DESTRUCTION OF BIOGENIC AMINES IN VARIOUS AREAS OF HUMAN BRAIN, JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS 165: 196 (1969).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070357","volume":"21","year":"1965","unstructured":"VOGT, M, EFFECT OF DRUGS ON METABOLISM OF CATECHOLAMINES IN BRAIN, BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN 21: 57 (1965).","journal-title":"BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"553","year":"1957","unstructured":"Vogt, M., Metabolism of the Nervous System: 553 (1957).","journal-title":"Metabolism of the Nervous System"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","first-page":"185","year":"1975","unstructured":"Wise, C. D., Catecholamines and Schizophrenia: 185 (1975).","journal-title":"Catecholamines and Schizophrenia"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.181.4097.344"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1111112"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.644310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,14]],"date-time":"2024-01-14T23:22:33Z","timestamp":1705274553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.644310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1978,4,28]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4340","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1978,4,28]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.644310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.644310","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1978,4,28]]}}}