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The behavioral effects of such exposure may range from mental retardation in children with fetal alcohol syndrome to milder developmental and behavioral effects in infants born to social drinkers. In animals, exposure to alcohol in utero may result in death, malformation, and growth deficiency as well as behavioral and developmental abnormalities. The mechanisms of impairment and related risk factors are yet to be elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6992275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T17:45:58Z","timestamp":1160070358000},"page":"353-361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":554,"title":["Teratogenic Effects of Alcohol in Humans and Laboratory Animals"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"209","author":[{"given":"Ann Pytkowicz","family":"Streissguth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Landesman-Dwyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan C.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Development and Mental Retardation Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"18","volume":"7","year":"1977","unstructured":"DRUG B 7: 18 (1977).","journal-title":"DRUG B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1978","volume":"26","year":"1977","unstructured":"MORBIDITY MORTALITY 26: 1978 (1977).","journal-title":"MORBIDITY MORTALITY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00426950","volume":"57","year":"1978","unstructured":"ABEL, E.L., EFFECTS OF ETHANOL ON PREGNANT RATS AND THEIR OFFSPRING, PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 57: 5 (1978).","journal-title":"PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"131","volume":"19","year":"1978","unstructured":"BIERICH, J. 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