{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:56:43Z","timestamp":1791053803501,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5209","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,4,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Bacterial superantigens bind with high affinity to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens on antigen-presenting cells and with T cell antigen receptor (TCR) \u03b2 chains on T lymphocytes, which results in the T cell activation responsible for toxic shock syndrome and food poisoning. Many cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were shown to have receptors for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules that inhibited superantigen-induced cytotoxicity against appropriate class I-bearing target cells. One type of inhibitory receptor, NKB1, was present on CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            and CD8\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            TCR\u03b1\u03b2\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            CTL clones and blocked the killing of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-coated targets bearing certain polymorphic HLA-B molecules. Expression of HLA-A, -B, and -C molecules on the SEB-coated targets also protected against cytolysis mediated by many NKB1-negative T cell clones, suggesting the presence of additional inhibitory MHC class I receptors. These HLA class I receptors may limit tissue destruction and possibly autoimmunity caused by activated T lymphocytes.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T18:19:42Z","timestamp":1161973182000},"page":"403-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["Superantigen-Dependent, Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Inhibited by MHC Class I Receptors on T Lymphocytes"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"268","author":[{"given":"Joseph H.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny E.","family":"Gumperz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Parham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis L.","family":"Lanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"8941","volume":"86","year":"1989","unstructured":"CHOI, Y.W., INTERACTION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS TOXIN SUPERANTIGENS WITH HUMAN T-CELLS, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 86: 8941 (1989).","journal-title":"PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.4.963","volume":"176","year":"1992","unstructured":"CICCONE, E, INVOLVEMENT OF HLA CLASS-I ALLELES IN NATURAL-KILLER (NK) CELL-SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS - EXPRESSION OF HLA-CW3 CONFERS SELECTIVE PROTECTION FROM LYSIS BY ALLOREACTIVE NK CLONES DISPLAYING A DEFINED SPECIFICITY (SPECIFICITY-2), JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 176: 963 (1992).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1038\/371351a0","volume":"371","year":"1994","unstructured":"CONRAD, B, EVIDENCE FOR SUPERANTIGEN INVOLVEMENT IN INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS ETIOLOGY, NATURE 371: 351 (1994).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/339221a0","volume":"339","year":"1989","unstructured":"FRASER, J.D., HIGH-AFFINITY BINDING OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN-A AND ENTEROTOXIN-B TO HLA-DR, NATURE 339: 221 (1989).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.3.1133","volume":"181","year":"1995","unstructured":"GUMPERZ, J.E., THE BW4 PUBLIC EPITOPE OF HLA-B MOLECULES CONFERS REACTIVITY WITH NATURAL-KILLER-CELL CLONES THAT EXPRESS NKB1, A PUTATIVE HLA RECEPTOR, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 181: 1133 (1995).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.175.6.1493","volume":"175","year":"1992","unstructured":"HEWITT, CRA, MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX INDEPENDENT CLONAL T-CELL ANERGY BY DIRECT INTERACTION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS ENTEROTOXIN-B WITH THE T-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 175: 1493 (1992).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1038\/368711a0","volume":"368","year":"1994","unstructured":"JARDETZKY, T.S., 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF A HUMAN CLASS-II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY MOLECULE COMPLEXED WITH SUPERANTIGEN, NATURE 368: 711 (1994).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2524876"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/358066a0","volume":"358","year":"1992","unstructured":"KARLHOFER, F.M., MHC CLASS-I ALLOANTIGEN SPECIFICITY OF LY-49+ IL-2-ACTIVATED NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS, NATURE 358: 66 (1992).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997880"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.131.4.1789","volume":"131","year":"1983","unstructured":"LANIER, L.L., SUBPOPULATIONS OF HUMAN NATURAL-KILLER CELLS DEFINED BY EXPRESSION OF THE LEU-7 (HNK-1) AND LEU-11 (NK-15) ANTIGENS, JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 131: 1789 (1983).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1046-2023(05)80061-1","volume":"2","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lanier, L. 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