{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:27:02Z","timestamp":1791275222589,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"5104","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Gas-to-drop partitioning of hydrogen peroxide and its precursor, the hydroperoxyl radical (HO\n            <jats:sup>\u22c5<\/jats:sup>\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            ), has been considered the predominant or sole source of hydrogen peroxide in atmospheric water drops. However, atmospheric water can absorb solar ultraviolet radiation, which initiates the photoformation of peroxides (primarily hydrogen peroxide). Measurements of peroxide photoformation rates in authentic atmospheric water samples demonstrate that aqueous-phase photochemical reactions are a significant, and in some cases dominant, source of hydrogen peroxide to cloud and fog drops. This additional source could significantly change the current understanding, and hence, the models, of sulfuric acid deposition because hydrogen peroxide is the limiting reagent in the dominant pathway for the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in the troposphere over eastern North America.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8465202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T23:05:09Z","timestamp":1160089509000},"page":"73-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Aqueous-Phase Photochemical Formation of Peroxides in Authentic Cloud and Fog Waters"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"260","author":[{"given":"Bruce C.","family":"Faust","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, School of the Environment, Durham, NC 27708."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cort","family":"Anastasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, School of the Environment, Durham, NC 27708."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, School of the Environment, Durham, NC 27708."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takemitsu","family":"Arakaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Durham, NC 27708"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"ALLEN J.M. THESIS DUKE U (1992)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00053672","volume":"11","year":"1990","unstructured":"AYERS, G.P., NUMERICAL STUDY OF DROPLET SIZE DEPENDENT CHEMISTRY IN OCEANIC, WINTERTIME STRATUS CLOUD AT SOUTHERN MIDLATITUDES, JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 11: 143 (1990).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4739","DOI":"10.1029\/JD089iD03p04739","volume":"89","year":"1984","unstructured":"CHAMEIDES, W. L., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 89: 4739 (1984).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.255.5043.423"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8426","DOI":"10.1029\/JD092iD07p08426","volume":"92","year":"1987","unstructured":"DAUM, P. H., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 92: 8426 (1987).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"48","year":"1990","unstructured":"Faust, B. C., Effects of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation on Biogeochemical Dynamics in Aquatic Environments: 48 (1990).","journal-title":"Effects of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation on Biogeochemical Dynamics in Aquatic Environments"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12913","DOI":"10.1029\/92JD00843","volume":"97","year":"1992","unstructured":"FAUST, B. C., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 97: 12913 (1992).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5205","DOI":"10.1029\/JD091iD04p05205","volume":"91","year":"1986","unstructured":"GRAEDEL, T. E., JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES 91: 5205 (1986).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-1686(90)90496-A","volume":"24","year":"1990","unstructured":"GUNZ, D.W., ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF PEROXIDES - A REVIEW, ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS 24: 1601 (1990).","journal-title":"ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT PART A-GENERAL TOPICS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00115779","volume":"12","year":"1991","unstructured":"HEWITT, C. N., JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 12: 181 (1991).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Kadlecek J. Winter Cloudwater Chemistry Studies Whiteface Mountain 1982-1984 (1985)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00297a047","volume":"58","year":"1986","unstructured":"KOK, G.L., DERIVATIZATION TECHNIQUE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PEROXIDES IN PRECIPITATION, ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 58: 1192 (1986).","journal-title":"ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00058134","volume":"13","year":"1991","unstructured":"LANGNER, J, A GLOBAL 3-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF THE TROPOSPHERIC SULFUR CYCLE, JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 13: 225 (1991).","journal-title":"JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/359712a0","volume":"359","year":"1992","unstructured":"LANGNER, J, ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF TROPOSPHERIC SULFATE AEROSOL, NATURE 359: 712 (1992).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/343227a0","volume":"343","year":"1990","unstructured":"LELIEVELD, J, INFLUENCES OF CLOUD PHOTOCHEMICAL PROCESSES ON TROPOSPHERIC OZONE, NATURE 343: 227 (1990).","journal-title":"NATURE"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.258.5079.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00115969","volume":"13","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lin, X., Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 13: 109 (1991).","journal-title":"Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Macdonald A. M. paper presented at the Seventh Joint Conference on Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology with Air and Waste Management Association New Orleans LA 14 to 18 January (1991)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-6981(88)90398-8","volume":"22","year":"1988","unstructured":"OLSZYNA, K.J., GAS-PHASE, CLOUD AND RAIN-WATER MEASUREMENTS OF HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE AT A HIGH-ELEVATION SITE, ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT 22: 1699 (1988).","journal-title":"ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.8465202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T11:28:10Z","timestamp":1705318090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.8465202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,2]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5104","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.8465202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.8465202","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,4,2]]}}}