{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T20:21:34Z","timestamp":1792700494978,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6252","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,4]],"date-time":"2016-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/about\/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AT007886"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AT007886"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005492","name":"Stanford University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008227","name":"ARCS Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008227","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Toward opioids without poppy fields<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Producing opioids without having to depend on field-grown poppies would be of great benefit. Synthetic production could potentially produce more-effective drugs with fewer side effects. Now, Galanie\n                    <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    have engineered yeast to produce the opioid compounds thebaine and hydrocodone, starting from sugar (see the Perspective by Nielsen). The amounts produced so far are tiny compared with what would be needed commercially. Future optimization and scaleup are the next challenge.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>\n                    , this issue p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6252\" page=\"1095\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"349\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.aac9373\">1095<\/jats:related-article>\n                    ; see also p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6252\" page=\"1050\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"349\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.aad2081\">1050<\/jats:related-article>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac9373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,13]],"date-time":"2015-08-13T23:14:26Z","timestamp":1439507666000},"page":"1095-1100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":957,"title":["Complete biosynthesis of opioids in yeast"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"349","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Galanie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Thodey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isis J.","family":"Trenchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Filsinger Interrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Smolke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201c18th WHO essential medicines list\u201d (Geneva Switzerland 2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15360288.2010.536307"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"International Narcotics Control Board \u201cNarcotic drugs: Estimated world requirements for 2015\u2014statistics for 2013\u201d (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","unstructured":"K. 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