{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:09:23Z","timestamp":1791587363193,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6422","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1ZIAAI001115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1ZIAAI001115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1ZIAAI001132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1ZIAAI001132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Commensal-specific T cells are flexible<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Barrier tissues, like the skin, are sites where noninvasive commensal microbes constantly interact with resident T cells. These encounters can result in commensal-specific T cell responses that promote, for example, host defense and tissue repair. Harrison\n                    <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    show that subsets of skin-resident commensal-specific interleukin-17A\u2013producing CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells have a dual nature: They coexpress transcription factors that direct antagonistic antimicrobial (type 17) and antiparasite and pro\u2013tissue repair (type 2) programs. When skin is damaged, epithelial cell alarmins license type 17 T cells to turn on type 2 cytokines. Thus, commensal-specific type 17 T cells can direct antimicrobial activity under homeostatic conditions but rapidly turn on tissue repair in the context of injury.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>\n                    , this issue p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6422\" page=\"eaat6280\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"363\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.aat6280\">eaat6280<\/jats:related-article>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat6280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T19:25:19Z","timestamp":1544124319000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":293,"title":["Commensal-specific T cell plasticity promotes rapid tissue adaptation to injury"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"363","author":[{"given":"Oliver J.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan L.","family":"Linehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mucosal Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7525-5433","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Han-Yu","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Immunology and Inflammation Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, 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