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The development of the epididymis itself is dependent on testicular factors arriving via luminal flow. Improper signaling between the testis and epididymis is hypothesized to result in male infertility. Kiyozumi\n            <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n            identified NELL2 as a testicular luminal protein that binds to its receptor, ROS1, on the luminal epididymis surface and induces epididymal differentiation (see the Perspective by Lord and Oatley). In turn, differentiated epididymis secretes a fertility-essential protease, ovochymase-2, to make spermatozoa fully mature and functional. Thus, testis-epididymis interorgan communication by this \u201clumicrine\u201d regulation ensures mammalian reproduction.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>\n            , this issue p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6495\" page=\"1132\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"368\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.aay5134\">1132<\/jats:related-article>\n            ; see also p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" issue=\"6495\" page=\"1053\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"368\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.abc2732\">1053<\/jats:related-article>\n          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