{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:10:35Z","timestamp":1791616235724,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6583","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are innate immune effectors that contribute to host defense. Whether ILC3 functions are stably modified after pathogen encounter is unknown. Here, we assess the impact of a time-restricted enterobacterial challenge to long-term ILC3 activation in mice. We found that intestinal ILC3s persist for months in an activated state after exposure to\n            <jats:italic>Citrobacter rodentium<\/jats:italic>\n            . Upon rechallenge, these \u201ctrained\u201d ILC3s proliferate, display enhanced interleukin-22 (IL-22) responses, and have a superior capacity to control infection compared with na\u00efve ILC3s. Metabolic changes occur in\n            <jats:italic>C. rodentium<\/jats:italic>\n            \u2013exposed ILC3s, but only trained ILC3s have an enhanced proliferative capacity that contributes to increased IL-22 production. Accordingly, a limited encounter with a pathogen can promote durable phenotypic and functional changes in intestinal ILC3s that contribute to long-term mucosal defense.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz8777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T18:56:26Z","timestamp":1645728986000},"page":"859-863","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Trained ILC3 responses promote intestinal defense"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"375","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7440-4353","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Serafini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, 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