{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T13:02:01Z","timestamp":1792501321029,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6552","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI068041-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI068041-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI108834-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI108834-07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000011","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000011","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI068041-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI068041-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI108834-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI108834-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS113236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS113236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005237","name":"Helen Hay Whitney Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005237","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT1601100063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT1601100063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP200100347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP200100347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1106471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1106471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1160315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1160315"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Cleansing the cytosol<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Most human cells, not just those belonging to the immune system, mount protective responses to infection when activated by the immune cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3). How IFN-\u03b3 confers this function in nonimmune cells and tissues is poorly understood. Gaudet\n                    <jats:italic>et al.<\/jats:italic>\n                    used genome-scale CRISPR\/Cas9 gene editing to identify apolipoprotein L-3 (APOL3) as an IFN-\u03b3\u2013induced bactericidal protein that protects human epithelium, endothelium, and fibroblasts against infection (see the Perspective by Nathan). APOL3 directly targets bacteria in the host cell cytosol and kills them by dissolving their anionic membranes into lipoprotein complexes. This work reveals a detergent-like mechanism enlisted during human cell-autonomous immunity to combat intracellular pathogens.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Science<\/jats:italic>\n                    , abf8113, this issue p.\n                    <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" xlink:href=\"10.1126\/science.abf8113\">eabf8113<\/jats:related-article>\n                    ; see also abj5637, p.\n                    <jats:related-article issue=\"6552\" page=\"276\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"373\">276<\/jats:related-article>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf8113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T15:10:17Z","timestamp":1626361817000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["A human apolipoprotein L with detergent-like activity kills intracellular pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"373","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8496-3653","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ryan G.","family":"Gaudet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1145-1192","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shiwei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9099-2696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anushka","family":"Halder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Nanobiology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bae-Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6410-3517","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Clinton J.","family":"Bradfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8903-122X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shuai","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7955-4855","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dijin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1300-8242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Mami\u00f1ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9698-0020","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thanh Ngoc","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2150-5545","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael","family":"Lazarou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5934-8728","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erdem","family":"Karatekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Nanobiology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Saints-P\u00e8res Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universit\u00e9 de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3557-3242","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kallol","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale Nanobiology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1734-135X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John D.","family":"MacMicking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Yale Systems Biology Institute, West Haven, CT 06477, USA."},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."},{"name":"Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1233028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0603252"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00698.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2019.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2424-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1006098107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.13.3235"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz1333"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.085647.108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01461"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1114566"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10744"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005485107"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-017-0034-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1201711"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1217141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0697-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16889-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020104926"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl025623k"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)66697-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2018.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20820"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b11529"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2017.28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.01689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2597-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0058-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fuv008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.7102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-006-0040-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5386.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1917993117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MCHD-0050-2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000443883"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpb.2010.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00065-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1244705"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2011.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2015.12.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa4921"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05398-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14893"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201607039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1247005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0554-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt278"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.42166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmc.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4193"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsb.2015.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2015.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2015.00056"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abf8113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.abf8113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T17:38:34Z","timestamp":1705340314000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abf8113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6552","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.abf8113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abf8113","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740479280.793590675","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740479280.793587236","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740479280.793587353","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740479280.793587286","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.740479280.793587198","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"article-number":"eabf8113"}}