{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:08:32Z","timestamp":1791090512295,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6606","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The microbiome contributes to the development and maturation of the immune system. In response to commensal bacteria, intestinal CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T lymphocytes differentiate into functional subtypes with regulatory or effector functions. The development of small intestine intraepithelial lymphocytes that coexpress CD4 and CD8\u03b1\u03b1 homodimers (CD4IELs) depends on the microbiota. However, the identity of the microbial antigens recognized by CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells that can differentiate into CD4IELs remains unknown. We identified \u03b2-hexosaminidase, a conserved enzyme across commensals of the Bacteroidetes phylum, as a driver of CD4IEL differentiation. In a mouse model of colitis, \u03b2-hexosaminidase\u2013specific lymphocytes protected against intestinal inflammation. Thus, T cells of a single specificity can recognize a variety of abundant commensals and elicit a regulatory immune response at the intestinal mucosa.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abg5645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T13:58:22Z","timestamp":1659621502000},"page":"660-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["A conserved Bacteroidetes antigen induces anti-inflammatory intestinal T lymphocytes"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"377","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2683-9544","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Djenet","family":"Bousbaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0529-3186","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Laura I.","family":"Fisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9712-0070","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mariya","family":"London","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9708-5896","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Preksha","family":"Bhagchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0359-0611","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tiago B.","family":"Rezende de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."},{"name":"Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3083-2671","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mark","family":"Mimee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Synthetic Biology Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5400-4945","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Scott","family":"Olesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6841-116X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bernardo S.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-8103","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"VanInsberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Graduate Program, Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Bortolatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6905-9017","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mathilde","family":"Poyet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9871-8333","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ross W.","family":"Cheloha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0987-405X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John","family":"Sidney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3630-3663","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aaron","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3918-8923","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Timothy K.","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Synthetic Biology Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7013-2250","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8294-9364","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eric J.","family":"Alm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8246-931X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James J.","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8807-348X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gabriel D.","family":"Victora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0000-0452","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Mucida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1090-6071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hidde L.","family":"Ploegh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA."},{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4575-786X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Angelina M.","family":"Bilate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA."},{"name":"Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-020-00335-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw7479"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa9420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10434"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25500"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aal5068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaf7471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-075043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf3892"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2518"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00980-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah5825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"32","article-title":"Expansion of alpha beta T-cell receptor-bearing intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes after microbial colonization in germ-free mice and its independence from thymus","volume":"79","author":"Umesaki Y.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Y. Umesaki, H. Setoyama, S. Matsumoto, Y. Okada, Expansion of alpha beta T-cell receptor-bearing intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes after microbial colonization in germ-free mice and its independence from thymus. Immunology 79, 32\u201337 (1993). 8509140","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-29073-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.8.3287-3292.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2017.26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni904"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142727.mb0422s107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-00883-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0808242105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/5.11.1461"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.08.092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-97"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2010.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2017.153"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/83784"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.201300796"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Sidney et al . Measurement of MHC\/peptide interactions by gel filtration or monoclonal antibody capture. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. Chapter 18 Unit 18 13 (2013).","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im1803s100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(73)90196-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1997.0937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1109806108"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-323"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00342-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00062-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00224-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2017.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.11.5445-5451.2002"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.abg5645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T19:42:17Z","timestamp":1705347737000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abg5645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6606","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.abg5645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abg5645","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]}}}