{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:07:14Z","timestamp":1792872434826,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)","issue":"6732","content-domain":{"domain":["www.science.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Higher strength and higher ductility are desirable for structural materials. However, ultrastrong alloys inevitably show decreased strain-hardening capacity, limiting their uniform elongation. We present a supranano (&lt;10 nanometers) and short-range ordering design for grain interiors and grain boundary regions, respectively, in fine-grained alloys based on vanadium, cobalt, and nickel, with additions of tungsten, copper, aluminum, and boron. The pronounced grain boundary\u2013related strengthening and ductilization mechanism is realized through segregation of the short-range ordering near the grain boundary. Furthermore, the supranano ordering with a larger size has an enhanced pinning effect for dislocations and stacking faults, multiplied and accumulated in grain interiors during plastic deformation. These mechanisms promote continuously increased flow stress until fracture of the alloy at 10% strain with 2.6-gigapascal tensile stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adr4917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T13:59:23Z","timestamp":1737640763000},"page":"401-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Ductilization of 2.6-GPa alloys via short-range ordered interfaces and supranano precipitates"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"387","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6206-9059","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yong-Qiang","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), Hysitron Applied Research Center in China (HARCC) and Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6874-3893","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wen-Hao","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."},{"name":"Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6606-3686","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sida","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1206-7822","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0736-200X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jun-Hua","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inter-University 3D Atom Probe Tomography Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1195-1779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ziyuan","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany."},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6755-6327","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), Hysitron Applied Research Center in China (HARCC) and Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4533-0869","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhi-Wei","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), Hysitron Applied Research Center in China (HARCC) and Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5362-0316","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4543-5011","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ge","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), Hysitron Applied Research Center in China (HARCC) and Center for Alloy Innovation and Design (CAID), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"221","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31399\/asm.tb.emea.9781627082518"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2015.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2015.03.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1255940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2022.101019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aas8815"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2015.08.076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04935-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03607-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmatsci.2024.101252"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03428-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01517-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0685-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1617-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1159610"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2023.118810"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2019.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmst.2023.08.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2013.07.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21691"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2013.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb6830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.265.5170.376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan0177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2022.117975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2023.06.176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add7857"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04459-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-024-01871-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11464-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45696-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4433"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22447-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"637","article-title":"X-ray investigation of the mechanism of the transformation from face centered cubic lattice to body centered cubic","volume":"23","author":"Nishiyama Z.","year":"1934","unstructured":"Z. Nishiyama, X-ray investigation of the mechanism of the transformation from face centered cubic lattice to body centered cubic. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ. 23, 637 (1934).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf6986"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-32444-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04914-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25031-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35863-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2017.09.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2016.08.118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intermet.2016.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201701678"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2018.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21663831.2021.1913768"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47983-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2016.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actamat.2021.117121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2010.01.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786435708242709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06894-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2017.12.098"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2019.138806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jcph.1995.1039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0965-0393\/18\/1\/015012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1924.0082"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.2c00230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b808701f"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927020601054050"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/362566.362571"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0965542514070021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00051a040"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S2075113315010062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00268976.2015.1025112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0133412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49606-1"}],"container-title":["Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1126\/science.adr4917","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]],"date-time":"2025-01-23T14:00:15Z","timestamp":1737640815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.adr4917"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6732","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1126\/science.adr4917"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.adr4917","relation":{},"ISSN":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0036-8075","type":"print"},{"value":"1095-9203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}