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We found that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">qTGW1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    , encoding a flowering locus T-like protein, controls heading and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) underpinning grain weight and yield in rice. TGW1a interacts with and stabilizes Ghd7 and Hd1 to boost NUE and grain yield. Natural variations in the promoter enable the ancestral allele\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      TGW1a\n                      <jats:sup>JZ<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    to maintain an intermediate level of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">TGW1a<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription. By decoupling its linkage to the weak grain number regulator\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      Gn1a\n                      <jats:sup>JZ<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\n                      TGW1a\n                      <jats:sup>JZ<\/jats:sup>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    conferred 3.67 to 8.67 days shorter growth duration and 4.22 to 11.00% higher grain yield in five modern cultivars and derived F\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    hybrids. This research uncovers a locus for breeding rice varieties featuring shorter growth durations and higher yields.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ady1619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T18:00:41Z","timestamp":1787248841000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34133\/aaas_crossmark","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>TGW1a<\/i>\n                    locus simultaneously shortens growth duration and boosts grain yield in rice"],"prefix":"10.1126","volume":"393","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1309-7732","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 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